丹参酮IIA局部注射正畸牙移动后复发阶段破骨细胞分化因子的表达

背景：近年来，报道了许多药物控制牙齿移动的方法，国内学者将研究方向转向药性相对缓和、不良反应较小的中草药。目的：观察局部给予不同剂量丹参酮ⅡA 后，大鼠正畸牙齿移动后的复发过程中复发程度、牙周组织中的骨保护素及破骨细胞分化因子的表达。方法：选用48只雄性Wistar大鼠，随机分成4组，对照组、低、中、高剂量组（分别给予丹参酮IIA 0.36，0.72，1.44 mg/d）。以大鼠前牙做支抗牵引其上颌第1磨牙向近中移动。实验组在加力装置去除前1 d开始，给予丹参酮ⅡA局部注射于第1磨牙远中牙龈黏膜，对照组注射生理盐水，1次/d，连续4周。在加力装置去除时及第1，4周测量上颌第1，2磨牙间距离及测量体质量。4周后处死，取上颌第1磨牙及其牙周组织骨保护素、破骨细胞分化因子免疫组织化学染色。结果与结论：各组大鼠体质量无明显变化。低、中、高剂量组大鼠牙齿移动复发距离小于对照组（P＜0.05）、复发百分率明显低于对照组（P＜0.05），且剂量越大复发程度越小，高剂量组复发百分率最低。牙周组织中骨保护素阳性反应灰度积分实验组显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），破骨细胞分化因子阳性反应灰度积分实验组显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。对照组和实验组牙周组织骨保护素/破骨细胞分化因子比率均大于1，高剂量组比率最大。结果表明，丹参酮ⅡA 局部给药对正常大鼠机体体质量变化没有影响，其能有效抑制正畸牙齿移动后的复发程度，在一定范围内，高剂量时效果明显。提示通过调节骨保护素和破骨细胞分化因子的比率来调控破骨细胞，可能是丹参酮ⅡA加速牙周组织改建的分子机制。

Tanshinone type IIA inhibits osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression at relapse stage after orthodontic tooth movement

BACKGROUND：In recent years, many drugs emerge to control tooth movement, and scholars in China begin to investigate Chinese herbs with moderate nature and smal adverse reaction.OBJECTIVE：To observe the relapse after orthodontic tooth movement, osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression in periodontal tissue after rats were treated with local tanshinone type IIA at different doses.METHODS：A total of 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups：control, low dose （tanshinone type IIA 0.36 mg/d）, medium dose （tanshinone type IIA 0.72 mg/d）, and high dose （tanshinone type IIA 1.44 mg/d） groups. Taking anterior teeth as the anchorage, the maxil ary first molar of rats was tracted to mesial movement. In experimental groups, gingival mucosa of the first molar was local injected with tanshinone type IIA 1 daybefore the force device was removed, while control group was injected with physiological saline, once a day, for 4 weeks. Immediately, 1 week, and 4 weeks after the force device was removed, the distance between the maxil ary first molar and second molar was measured and body mass was weighted. The animals were kil ed after＆amp;nbsp;4 weeks, osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression in maxil ary first molar and periodontal tissue were determined using immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：There was no obvious change in the body weight of rats in each group （P〈0.05）. In low, medium and high dose groups, recurrent distance of the teeth was shorter than that in control group （P〈0.05）, and recurrence percentage was significantly lower than control group （P〈0.05）. The greater the dose was, thesmal er the degree of recurrence was. Osteoprotegerin expression in the periodontal tissue was significantly higher in the experimental groups than the control group （P〈0.05）, while osteoclast differentiation factor expression was significantly lower than the control group （P〈0.05）. The ratio of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast differentiation factor in the periodontal tissue was greater than 1 in both control group and experimental groups, and reached the peak in the high dose group. Local delivery of tanshinone type IIA has no impact on body weight of normal rats, and can effectively control the recurrence rate after orthodontic tooth movement. Within a certain range, high dose achieves the most obvious effect. Regulating osteoclast through adjusting the ratio of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast differentiation factor could be the molecular mechanism of tanshinone type IIA accelerating the periodontal tissue rebuilding.