海人酸对神经干细胞增殖及分化的影响

背景：神经干细胞对脑组织的修复作用非常有限，约80％新增殖的内源性神经干细胞在6周内死亡，仅0．2％的细胞继续增殖、分化，参与修复。目的：分析不同剂量海人酸在对神经干细胞增殖及分化的影响。方法：体外分离并培养新生Wistar大鼠神经干细胞，将神经干细胞分为空白对照组和加入不同浓度梯度的海人酸组，通过免疫组化法和免疫荧光法进行鉴定，MTT比色法测定海人酸对神经干细胞分化的影响，计算分化后神经元和星形胶质细胞比例。结果与结论：海人酸组贴壁的神经球分化速度较空白对照组快，在同一时间点进行观察，神经细胞的迁移距离较未处理组远。分化5d后，海人酸组所分化的细胞中，星状细胞较空白对照组多，而神经元样细胞相对较少，培养的细胞具有自我更新和向神经元、少突胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞分化的潜能。兴奋性氨基酸海人酸可使部分神经干细胞死亡，但可促进幸存的神经干细胞增殖及分化，并诱导其向星形胶质细胞分化。

Kanic acid effects on the differentiation and proliferation of neural stem cells

BACKGROUND： The role of neural stem cells to repair brain tissue is very limited. About 80% of endogenous neural stem cells will die within the first 6 weeks, and only 0.2% of the cells continue to proliferate, differentiate, and participate in the brain repair. OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of kanic acids at different concentrations on the differentiation and proliferation of neural stem cells. METHODS： The neural stem cells from newborn Wistar rats were isolated and cultured in vitro, and then divided into two groups： blank control group and experimental group. We treated the second group by adding different concentration gradients of kainic acid. Then the cells were identified by immumofluorescence and immunohistochemistry methods, cell differentiation was detected by MTT colorimetric assay and the percentages of neurons and astrocytes were calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The adherent neurospheres in the experimental group proliferated more rapid and showed longer migration distance than those in the blank control group. After 5 days of differentiation, the number of astrocytes in the experimental group was higher, but the number of neuron-like cells was lower compared with the blank control group. The cultured cells had self-renew and multipotent differentiation potential. Kanic acid could induce the neural stem cells to differentiate toward astrocytes efficiently.