HIV感染者/AIDS病人生活质量及其影响因素研究

目的 了解艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者／艾滋病（AIDS）病人的生活质量及其影响因素。方法 采用世界卫生组织生活质量简表中文版测量其生活质量，对215名HIV感染者／AIDS病人进行匿名问卷调查。结果 HIV感染者／AIDS病人生活质量四个维度的平均得分为50．74（生理领域）、46．01（心理领域）、53．78（社会关系领域）和43．94（环境领域）。单因素分析显示，性别、文化程度、收入、居住地、病情、感染途径、医疗费用占家庭收入比例、艾滋病知识水平和耻辱等因素与HIV感染者／AIDS病人的生活质量各个领域有关（P＜0．05）。多元线性回归分析结果表明，工作、收入和艾滋病相关知识水平是影响生活质量的有利因素，而感受到的耻辱和医疗费用占家庭收入比例则是不利影响因素（P＜0．05）。结论 社会经济等因素在不同方面影响着HIV感染者／AIDS病人的生活质量。

Study on quality of life and related factors among people living with HIV/AIDS

Objective To explore quality of life and related factors among people living with HIV/AIDS.Methods Anonymous,self-administrated surveys were completed by 215 people living with HIV/AIDS from August 2003 through February 2004.WHOQOL-BREF(Chinese version) was used to measure their quality of life.Results The average scores of four domains of quality of life were 50.74(physical),46.01(psychological),53.78(social relationships) and 43.94(environment),respectively.Factors associated with quality of life included sex,education,income,residence,stage of HIV infection,route of infection,proportion between fee for medical service and family earning,knowledge level about HIV/AIDS and felt stigma(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that job,income and HIV/AIDS related knowledge predicted higher levels of quality of life,whereas felt stigma and the proportion between fee for medical service and family earning were the negative predictive factors(P<0.05).Conclusion Several social economic factors might affect different dimensions of quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS.