凉山州HIV/AIDS病人的营养状况及营养知识知晓情况

目的了解凉山州艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者和艾滋病（AIDS）病人（HIV/AIDS病人）的营养状况及营养知识知晓情况。方法采取定性访谈的方式,于2008年10-11月,以社区为基础招募HIV/AIDS病人及其家属各20名、社区相关人员30名,进行个人深入访谈。结果凉山州HIV/AIDS病人营养不良的比例较高,饮食结构单一化,营养素摄入不均衡且数量不足。同时当地医护人员的营养知识水平很低,针对HIV/AIDS病人的护理和管理知识比较缺乏,妨碍了对HIV/AIDS病人在饮食习惯和营养搭配上及时给予科学指导,家属和病人自身严重缺乏营养健康知识和自我护理能力。结论应加大社区营养知识的宣传力度,促进对HIV/AIDS病人的饮食习惯的科学指导和及时管理,以降低其营养不良状况的发生。

A survey of knowledge and nutritional status among people living with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan,Sichuan Province

Objective To assess the nutritional and knowledge status among people living with human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome（AIDS）（PLWHA） in Liangshan,Sichuan Province.Methods In-depth interview was conducted from October to November of 2008 among 20 community-based HIV-positive adults and equivalent number of their family members,as well as 30 local health care workers.Results HIV-positive adults in Liangshan were malnourished with single dietary structures,imbalanced and inadequate intake of essential nutrients.Meanwhile,the local health care workers had poor nutrition knowledge,and lacked knowledge of nursing care and management for PLWHA.Therefore,it was difficult for HIV-positive adults to obtain correct and timely advices on dietary habits and nutrition.Furthermore,HIV-positive adults and their family members themselves were in serious lack of nutrition knowledge and self-management ability.Conclusion It is essential to strengthen publicity and public education for nutrition knowledge at a community level,and to promote scientific guidance for dietary habits and timely management among PLWHA so as to reduce malnutrition among them.