北京市部分男男性行为人群HIV感染情况及影响因素

目的了解北京市男男性行为人群（MSM）艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染情况及其影响因素。方法于2011年9-12月,在北京市通过同伴推动抽样法（RDS）招募500名MSM,进行问卷调查,内容包括社会人口学、性行为学及一般自我效能量表,并采集血样检测HIV抗体。用RDSAT软件对研究对象的社会网络进行调整,导出相关数据权重,并用SAS 9.1进行统计分析。结果 MSM的HIV感染粗率为7.2%（36/500）,经RDS调整,HIV感染率为6.1%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,MSM感染HIV的保护性因素有：一般自我效能得分高（AOR=0.4,95%CI：0.2～0.9）,近1年做过HIV检测（AOR=0.5,95%CI：0.2～0.9）;危险因素为近6个月发生过被动肛交（AOR=2.2,95%CI：1.1～4.4）。MSM一般自我效能量表内部一致性检验克朗巴赫系数（Cronbach’s Alpha）为0.92,不同的自我效能得分组同HIV感染有剂量关系。结论北京市MSM中HIV感染率较高,需采取适当的心理干预措施,提高MSM的自我效能,同时促进MSM定期做HIV检测,减少MSM被动无保护性行为的发生,有助于控制HIV在该人群的传播。

HIV prevalence and its related factors among men who have sex with men in Beijing

Objective To study the prevalence and related factors of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） among men who have sex with men（MSM） in Beijing.Methods A total of 500 MSM were recruited by respondent driven sampling（RDS） from September to December 2011 in Beijing.Questionnaire was used to gather information including demographics,sexual behaviors and general self-efficacy scales（GSES）,and then the collected data were analyzed by RDSAT and SAS.Results The crude HIV prevalence was 7.2%,and the adjusted one by RDSAT was 6.1% in the recruited MSM.In multivariable analysis,the protective factors associated with HIV infection were： high scores of GSES（AOR=0.4,95%CI： 0.2-0.9）,and HIV testing in the last year（AOR=0.5,95%CI： 0.2-0.9）;the risk factor associated with HIV infection was unprotected receptive anal sex in the past 6 months.Cronbach＇s Alpha of GSES was 0.92.Conclusion The HIV prevalence among MSM in Beijing is high.Improvements in GSES may help control HIV transmission among MSM,and can be achieved by greater access to mental health services.Innovative interventions are required to promote regular HIV testing and reduce unprotected receptive anal sex.