浦东新区新发现HIV感染者的高危行为特征

目的调查上海市浦东新区新发现的艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染人群的艾滋病相关高危行为的特征,为控制艾滋病在人群中的传播提供更好的防治措施和依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,对2011年1月1日至2012年6月30日期间,所有新发现并最终确认的HIV感染者进行面对面、一对一的流行病学问卷调查,收集社会人口学信息、性行为对象信息、高危行为史、既往性病史、配偶及性伴HIV检测情况等资料,进行相关的统计描述与分析。结果共完成合格的调查问卷249份,其中男性212人,女性37人,男女比例为5.7∶1。最近3个月有22.1%、22.1%、22.9%和7.6%的调查对象分别与配偶、固定性伴、临时性伴和商业性伴有过性行为,安全套使用率分别为12.7%、16.4%、5.3%和0;3个月前有41.4%、36.1%、59.4%和28.5%的调查对象与配偶、固定性伴、临时性伴和商业性伴有过性行为,每次使用安全套率分别为5.8%、6.7%、1.4%和4.2%。调查对象的配偶、固定性伴HIV感染率为32.1%（25/78）。调查对象中,既往有吸毒史、手术史和献血史的分别占4.4%、3.2%、5.6%。结论浦东新区的HIV感染者的性伴种类较多,且安全套使用率较低,配偶及固定性伴的感染率较高,应在该人群中加大艾滋病的防治力度。

A study on high-risk behaviors among HIV patients in Pudong,Shanghai

Objective To investigate high-risk behaviors among HIV patients in Pudong,Shanghai,analyze the features of high-risk behaviors and provide suggestions for improving measures in controlling the spread of HIV among the populations.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect information on social and demographic characteristics,sex partners,high-risk behaviors,etc.All newly identified HIV patients were investigated face to face and one by one from January 2011 to June 2012.Results Among 249 subjects investigated,212 were males and 37 were females,with a sex ratio of 5.7：1.Of them 22.1%,22.1%,22.9% and 7.6% admitted having sex with spouses,regular sex partners,casual sex partners and commercial sex workers,respectively and the rate of consistently using condoms was 12.7%,16.4%,5.2% and 0,respectively in the recent three months.And 41.4%,36.1%,59.4% and 28.5% of the subjects admitted having sex with spouses,regular sex partners,casual sex partners and commercial sex workers respectively before and in the last three months and the rate of consistently using condoms was 5.8%,6.7%,1.3% and 4.2% respectively.Of the spouses and regular sex partners of the subjects,32.1%（25/78） were tested HIV positive.And 4.4%,3.2% and 5.6% of the subjects admitted having intravenous drug use,surgical operations and a history of blood donation.Conclusion Newly found HIV patients in Pudong District have various types of sex partners,the condom use rate is very low and HIV infection rate among their spouses and regular sex partners is high.More targeted measures should be taken in controlling the spread of HIV in these populations.