Human bony labyrinth as a sex indicator in subadults |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Edinburgh Unit For Forensic Anthropology, School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, 4 Teviot Place EH8 9AG, United Kingdom;2. Forensic Medicine Unit, Department of Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 700 13 Heraklion, Greece;1. School of Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;2. Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;1. LABANOF (Laboratorio di Antropologia e Odontologia Forense), Istituto di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy;2. Forensic Medicine Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy;1. Forensic Pathology Unit, Forensic Medicine Authority, Ministry of Justice, Egypt;2. Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;3. Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia;1. Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 110029, India;2. Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Room No 212, Level II, E-Block, Government Medical College & Hospital, Sector-32, Chandigarh 160030, India;3. Family Physician, Singapore Health, Singapore;4. Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Noida, U.P., India;5. Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, MGM Medical College, Indore (M.P.) India;1. Department of Forensic Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Hainan Provincial Academician Workstation (Tropical Forensic Medicine), Hainan Provincial Tropical Forensic Engineering Research Center, Haikou 570100, China;2. Hainan Modern Women and Children’s Hospital, Haikou 571100, China |
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| Abstract: | Due to the durability and good preservation of the petrous bone in archaeological and forensic contexts, the value of the inner ear as a sex indicator has been evaluated in various studies. Previous findings suggest that the morphology of the bony labyrinth is not stable in the postnatal period. In this study, we aim to assess the sexual dimorphism of the bony labyrinth via analysis of computed tomography (CT) data obtained from 170 subadults (birth to 20 y.o.) and test whether the postnatal changes of the bony labyrinth affect the level of dimorphism in the inner ear. A set of 10 linear measurements of 3D labyrinth models as well as 10 size and shape indices were analyzed. Sexually dimorphic variables were used to produce sex estimation formulae with discriminant function analysis. The produced formulae allowed for the correct classification of up to 75.3 % of individuals aged from birth to 15 years old. Sexual dimorphism was not significant for individuals between 16 and 20 years of age. This study suggests that the morphology of the subadult bony labyrinth exhibits significant sexual dimorphism in individuals under 16 years of age, which can aid the forensic identification process. Although postnatal growth of the temporal bone seems to affect the level of sexual dimorphism present in the inner ear, the formulae created in this study could be used as an additional tool for sex estimation of subadult (<16 y.o.) remains. |
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| Keywords: | Bony labyrinth Inner ear Sexual dimorphism Sex estimation Forensic anthropology Forensic identification |
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