对STD高危人群进行全方位干预的社会效应

目的：通过性传播疾病(STD)门诊对STD高危人群进行全方位的干预，探索推广“同伴教育”，实行“STD／网络干预”的可行性。方法：以STD高危人群为中心，运用双向咨询、规范治疗、小组讨论、健康教育等全方位的健康促进方式进行干预，培养愿意从事“同伴教育”的自愿者，试行STD／艾滋病(AIDS)网络干预。结果：(1)干预后，高危人群的STD／AIDS知识水平有很大提高，就诊态度有明显转变，与干预前比较差异有极显著的统计学意义。(2)干预后，商业性行为者的性观念较干预前的差异有极显著的统计学意义，有35．71％和41．89％的性工作者仍赞同性自由和婚前、婚外性行为，干预前后差异无显著的统计学意义；92．91％的非商业性行为者仍然赞同婚前、婚外性行为，干预前后差异无显著的统计学意义。(3)不论干预前后，大部分人在不安全性交后，首先关心自己是否患病，在患病后，首先关心的是能否治愈。(4)干预后，＞95％的调查对象愿意参加同伴教育。40名同伴教育志愿者在3个月内引来204位高危朋友，干预面是其本身的510％。结论：平等、宽松、匿名的就诊环境与有效的生物学干预，是吸引高危人群就诊的重要保证。全方位的健康促进式STD／AIDS干预，对提高STD高危人群的STD／AIDS知识水平，转变就诊态度有明显效果。由于大多数受干预者愿意参加同伴教育，使STD／AIDS网络干预计划得以实施，并取得了初步成效。因此，在SET门诊进行STD／AIDS全方位干预，推广“同伴教育”实行“网络干预”是可行的。

Sociological effect of comprehensive interventions towards STD high risk population

Objective To explore the feasibility of advocating peer education through comprehensive STD/HIV intervention towards high risk population at STD clinics Methods High risk STD population received interventions including two-way counseling,standardized treatment,group discussions and health education Volunteers who wanted to take part in peer education were trained to practice STD/HIV interventions Results (1)After intervention,level of STD/HIV knowledge in high risk population increased significantly,their attitude towards seeking medical advice changed obviously,and there was significant difference before and after the intervention (2)There was significant difference in sexual attitude among commercial sex workers before and after intervention However,35 71% and 41 89% of them accepted sex freedom and premarital sex respectively,and no significant difference was found even after intervention (3)Most of the people who had unsafe sex considered first whether he was ill or the disease could be cured if infected (4)After intervention,over 95% of the people receiving interventions wanted to take part in peer education,and 40 peer educators provided education for 204 individuals who were at high risk Conclusion Equal,comfortable and private environment at clinics and effective intervention are important guarantees to attract high risk population STD/AIDS health promotion has obvious effect to improve the coverage of STD/AIDS comprehensive intervention,since most people are willing to take part in peer education So it is feasible to carry out comprehensive STD/AIDS intervention in STD clinics and expand peer education