耐多药肺结核患者心理护理干预进展

耐药肺结核病程长、治疗显效慢、费用高、药物副作用、传染性以及环境和家庭因素,导致患者心理的多变性和复杂性.患者由于疾病治疗的生理不适、经济负担过重、不健康的心理状态、不良社会影响水平等既是心理健康水平的影响因素,也是对患者进行心理护理干预的重要考虑因素.其中干预方法包括:加强肺结核知识的宣传;遵守肺结核病的治疗原则;严格实施DOTS的督导治疗方案;根据患者的不良的心理状态予以情感支持、认知干预、放松疗法及行为疗法,以消除患者的不良情绪;充分发挥对患者治疗的有利因素,使患者能获得更多的支持,从而提高患者的生活质量.为了使肺结核治疗的转归向好的方向发展,降低结核病的传染,提高结核病的治愈率,现将耐药肺结核患者心理健康影响因素及护理干预进行综述.

Progress of Psychological Nursing Intervention in Patients With MDR-TB

Drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis has a long course of disease, slow curative effect, high cost, side effects of drugs, infectivity, environmental and family factors, which lead to psychological variability and complexity of patients. Patients' physiological discomfort, heavy economic burden, unhealthy psychological state and adverse social impact level due to disease treatment are not only the influencing factors of mental health level, but also the important consideration factors for psychological nursing intervention for patients. Intervention methods include: strengthening the propaganda of tuberculosis knowledge;Abide by the treatment principle of pulmonary tuberculosis;Strict implementation of DOTS supervision and treatment program;Emotional support, cognitive intervention, relaxation therapy and behavioral therapy should be given according to the patients' bad psychological state to eliminate the patients' bad emotions. Give full play to the favorable factors for the treatment of patients, so that patients can obtain more support, thus improving the quality of life of patients. In order to make the prognosis of tuberculosis treatment develop in a good direction, reduce the infection of tuberculosis and improve the cure rate of tuberculosis, the influencing factors of mental health of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients and nursing interventions are reviewed.