部分背阔肌皮瓣游离移植修复前臂背侧组织缺损并重建伸指功能

目的 报告应用部分背阔肌皮瓣游离移植修复前臂背侧复合组织缺损,并重建伸指功能的手术方法.方法 对11例因外伤致前臂背侧大面积复合组织缺损的患者,采用保留内侧部分背阔肌及胸背神经内侧支的部分背阔肌皮瓣游离移植修复,将皮瓣中胸背神经近端与受区桡神经深支或指总伸肌肌支缝合,背阔肌远端腱膜修复2～4指指总伸肌.皮瓣切取面积为21 cm×9 cm-27 cm×13 cm.结果 术后11例肌皮瓣全部存活,3例因皮瓣臃肿再次行皮瓣、肌皮瓣修整术,2例指伸肌腱松弛再次行肌腱紧缩术.术后2例失访,9例获得6个月至3年的随访,其中指伸肌力恢复至Ⅲ级2例、Ⅳ级6例、V级1例,肢体功能大部分恢复且外形满意.按中华医学会手外科学会上肢功能评定标准评定:优2例,良5例,可2例;优良率为77.8%.结论 应用游离部分背阔肌皮瓣修复前臂背侧复合组织缺损并重建伸指功能可取得较好的临床疗效,同时供区保留了部分背阔肌的功能.

Free transfer of part of the latissimus dorsi flap coverage of dorsal forearm composite tissue defects and reconstruction of extensor function

Objective To report the operative methods and clinical effects of free transfer of part of the latissinus dorsi flap for coverage of dorsal forearm composite tissue defects and reconstruction of extensor function. Methods Eleven cases of large-scale composite tissue defects of the dorsal forearm as a result of trauma were treated with partial latissimus dorsi flap The medial portion of the myoeutaneou flap containing the medial thoracodorsal nerve branch Was transferred to the defect on dorsal forearm.The thoracodorsal nerve in the flap was sutured either to the radial nerve deep branch or to the extensor comnunis muscle branch.The distal aponeurosis of the latissimus dorsi woven to the tendons of the 2nd to 4th digit extertsors.The size of the harvested flaps ranged from 21 cm×9 cm to 27 cm×13 cm. Results Postoperatively all 11 myocutaneous flaps survived.Three cases underwent trimming of the cutaneous flap or myocutaneous flap due to bulkiness.Two cases had tendon tighteing procedures due to laxity of the extensor tendon.Nine eases were followed up for 6 months to 3 years,while 2 cases were lost to follow up.The extensor strength returned grade Ⅲ in 2 cases,grade Ⅳ in 6 cases grade Ⅴ in 1 case.The limb function was mostly restored and the appearance was satisfactory.According to the upper extremity functional evaluation criteria issued by the Hand Surgery Society of Chinese Medical Association the results were rated as excellent in 2 cases,good in 5 cases,and fair in 2 cases.The overall excellent and good rate was 77.8%. Conclusion Partial transfer of the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap for coverage of dorearm forearm composite tissue defects and reconstruction of extensor function can not only achieve good treatment outcomes,but retain some of the latissimus dorsi function as well.