新疆和田地区维吾尔族长寿老人婚姻与性生活、性甾体激素分析

目的 探讨新疆和田地区维吾尔族90岁以上的长寿老人婚姻、性生活与性甾体激素的水平对长寿的影响。方法 采用典型调查的方法，调查新疆和田地区洛浦县、墨玉县、和田县的长寿老人，用五步法确定长寿老人的年龄，《新疆高龄及长寿老人医学及相关调查表》问卷调查，放射免疫法测睾酮、雌二醇水平，以和田维族、汉族，巴里坤哈族65～70岁老人为对照进行比较。结果 新疆和田维吾尔族长寿老人男：女比为1．8：1，男性在婚率为73％，结婚次数平均3．65次，老夫少妻，保持有稳定的家庭及性生活；平均睾酮水平19．6nmol／L，低于维族老年人，与哈、汉族老年人相当；女性早婚、结婚次数多，平均2．62次，死胎率高，平均雌二醇水平21．9pmol／L，高于维族、汉族老人，与哈族老人一致。结论 新疆和田维吾尔族长寿老人男性多于女性，与保持正常的社会家庭生活有一定关系，反映了当地维吾尔族社会生活的地方特色；保持相对较高水平的睾酮、雌二醇水平对长寿可能有保护作用。

Marital, sexual behavior, sex hormone of Uygur longevity people in Hetian, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Objective To investigate the association of menstrual, marital, childbearing, sexual life and sex hormone level to natural longevities(>=90 years old) of Uygur nationality people in Hetian area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods A questionnaire for natural longevity and interrelated factors was used through the systemic survey in Luopu County, Moyu County and Hetian County of Xinjiang Hetian area. The level of estradiol (E2 ) and testosterone (T) was measured by radioimmunoassay. All data were compared with those of 65-70-year-old Han nationality and Kazak nationality people. Results The sex ratio of male to female longevity was 1.8:1; remarriage rate was 73% and average marriage frequency was 3. 65 times for male longevity. The main characters in this area included marriage between elder husband and younger wife, a stable family status and keeping normal sexual life. T level was 19. 6 nmol/L, closed to that of the elder Han nationality and Kazak nationality people. For female longevity people, femininities, early marriage and more than one marriage throughout women's life (average 2. 62 times), lower social status in family, poor medical conditions during childbearing were main characters. E2 level (21.9 pmol/L) was higher in Uygur longevity than that in general elder Uygur and Han populations, and in the same level as that of Kazak elder women. Conclusions The Uygur natural longevity of male in Hetian area was more than that of female (male/female 1. 8:1), all higher than the same aged people of Han and Kazak nationalities. It may relate to the normal family status, normal sexual life and keeping higher level of estradiol and testosterone may contribute to the natural longevity.