微型万向外固定器与微型钢板治疗掌指骨关节内骨折脱位的疗效比较

目的 比较采用微型万向外固定器与微型钢板治疗掌指骨关节内骨折的疗效.方法 2002年10月至2008年3月,手术治疗掌指骨关节内骨折脱位患者106例,将患者随机分为外固定组和钢板组进行治疗.外固定组53例,采用微型万向外固定器或联用骨片钉、克氏针固定,男28例,女25例;年龄20.～62岁,平均33.5岁;拇指损伤24例,其余四指损伤29例;近端指间关节骨折脱位36例,掌指关节骨折脱位17例.钢板组53例,采用微型纯钛板螺钉进行固定,男30例,女23例;年龄23～66岁,平均36.5岁;拇指损伤22例,其余四指损伤31例;近端指间关节骨折脱位30例,掌指关节骨折脱位23例.采用Duncan等评分标准对两组患者手指关节活动度进行比较.结果 术后外固定组平均随访16.8个月,钢板组平均随访17.5个月.采用Duncan等评分标准评价手指功能的优良率:外固定组,优33例,良16例,可3例,差1例,优良率92.5%(49/53);钢板组,优30例,良17例,可5例,差1例,优良率88.7%(47/53).外固定组1例发生伤口感染,拇指关节平均活动度为134°±21°,其余四指为248°±19°;钢板组无伤口感染,拇指关节平均活动度为122°±18°,其余四指为225°±17°.结论 采用微型万向外固定器或联用经皮骨片钉、克氏针治疗掌指骨关节内骨折的术后疗效优于钢板螺钉固定的方法.

Treatment of metacarpal and phalangeal articular fracture dislocation: external fixation device or mini plate

Objective To compare the clinical outcome of external fixation device with Kirschner wire or fragment fixation pin with mini plate and screw fixation in treatment of metacarpal and phalangeal articular fracture dislocation. Methods From October 2002 to March 2008, 106 patients with metacarpal and phalangeal articular fracture dislocation were randomly divided into A and B group. The 53 patients in A group were treated with external fixation device with Kirschner wire or fragment fixation pin. There were thumb injury in 24 cases, fracture-dislocation of proximal interphalangeal joint(PIP) in 36 cases, fracture-dislocation of metacarpophalangeal joint (MP) in 17 cases. The 53 patients in B group were treated with mini plate and screw fixation. There were thumb injury in 22 cases, fracture-dislocation of PIP in 30 cases, fracture-dislocation of MP in 23 cases. Duncan rating criteria were used to compare finger range of motion. Results The mean follow-up of 16.8 and 17.5 months in A group and B group. According to Duncan rating criteria, there were excellent in 33 cases, good in 16, fair in 3, and poor in 1 case. The excellent and good rate was 92.5% in A group. There were excellent in 30 cases, good in 17, fair in 5, and poor in 1 case. The excellent and good rate was 88.7% in B group. In A group, 1 case of wound infection was found. The average arc of motion of thumb joint was 134°±21° while the average arc of motion of other fingers was 248°±19°. In B group, no wound infection occurred. The average arc of motion of thumb joint was 122°±18° while the average arc of motion of other fingers was 225°±17°. Conclusion External fixation device with Kirschner wire or fragment fixation pin was better than the application of mini plate and screw fixation in treatment of metacarpal and phalangeal articular fracture-dislocation.