早期微量喂养对极低体重儿生长发育的影响

目的研究极低出生体重儿对早期微量喂养的耐受情况及疗效。方法 40例极低出生体重儿随机分为两组,早期微量喂养组(EMF)和传统喂养(CF)组。EMF组生后12h内给予微量喂养,每天小于(10～20)mL/Kg新生儿奶粉,平均分成6～8次,经口管饲喂养,有吸吮、吞咽反射后改经口喂养,能耐受逐渐加量,至完全肠道营养。CF组生后禁食,72h后给予微量喂养,喂养方法同EMF组。结果观察EMF组同CF组在胃泌素水平、胃肠功能紊乱发生率、头围、恢复至出生体重时间、达完全胃肠营养时间、胎便排净时间和住院时间等具有显著性差异。结论早期微量喂养能促进胃泌素水平,减少胃肠功能紊乱的发生率,促进胎便排净,缩短达完全胃肠喂养时间,加快生长发育,是对VLBW儿安全有效的喂养方法。

Effect of Early Micro-amount Feeding on Growth of Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Objective To explore the effect of early micro-amount feeding on very low birth weight infants. Methods Forty infants of very low birth weight were randomly divided into two groups： early micro-amount feeding （EMF）group and conventional feeding （CF） group. The infants of the EMF group were fed by using micro-amount feeding during 12h after birth,and for the premature infant, less than （10-20）mL/ （kg/d） formula was divided into 6-8 times by nasogastric feeding, and for those tolerant infants, the amount of formula was increased gradually by oral feeding when the sucking and swallowing reflection appeared , with gradual transition to enteral nutrition. The CF group fasted after birth, and was given micro-amount feeding 72h after birth with the same feeding method as the EMF group. Results There were significant differences in the gastrin level, incidence of gastrointestinal dysfunction, head circumference weight gain, complete passage of meconinm time , returning to the birth weight, achieving total enteral nutrition and hospital stay days between the two groups. Conclusion EMF can increase the secretion of gastrin and reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal dysfunction, reduce the passage of meconium time and achieve the total enteral nutrition, quicken the growth of the premature infant, safe and effective for very low birth weight infants.