免疫酶斑点法检测汉坦病毒抗原的研究

目的 建立一种新的诊断肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的实验手段。方法 采用R22株、陈株和湖北株3种汉坦病毒接种家兔，制备兔抗汉坦病毒多克隆抗体(抗HTV-IgG)。然后采用混合的3种抗体进行免疫酶斑点法实验(IEDA)，检测患者血清和尿液中的汉坦病毒抗原。同时采用间接免疫荧光法(IFA)检测患者血清中抗汉坦病毒-IgM作对照。结果 经用相关分析，IEDA与IFA检测的结果高度相关。血中汉坦病毒抗原检出率为73．68％，尿中为65．00％。发病5d内，血中检出率为94．34％，尿中检出率为83．33％。5病日内的早期诊断率前者明显高于后者。结论 IEDA与IFA相比，阳性率比后者有较大提高，特别是5病日内的早期阳性率的提高明显，值得用于临床HFRS的早期诊断。

Experimental study on enzyme dot assay for detection of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome antigen

Objective To establish a new and efficient method(IEDA) for detection of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus (HFRSV) antigen. Methods An immune enzyme dot assay (IEDA) with mixture of three sorts anti-HFRSV-IgG,which was obtaind from rabbit vaccinated with EHFV R22,Chen and Hubei strain was employed to detect HFRSV antigen in serum and urine from epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) patients,and compared with indirect immune fluorescence assay (I-IFA),76 serum samples and 40 urine samples were detectd in this study. Results The results showed that the total positive rate of HFRSV antigen detected by IEDA was 73.68% in serum and 65.00% in urine,while that detected by I-IFA was 75.00% and 70.00%,respectively. The positive rate in primary phase (within 5 days) of HFRSV antigen detected by IEDA was 94.34% in serum and 83.33% in urine ,while that detected by I-IFA was 64.42% and 55.56%,repectively,there was significant difference in both serum and urine detections. Correlation study showed a high correlation in the result of IEDA and I-IFA. Conclusion The results of this study suggested that the IEDA,as compared with I-IFA,was a more specific,sensitive,rapid and simple method with higher positive rate in primary phase. IEDA could be widely used for early diagnosis of HFRS in hospital at grassroots level.