吞咽训练对舌癌术后吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能和生活质量的疗效观察

［摘要］ 目的 探讨早期吞咽训练对舌癌术后患者吞咽功能和对生活质量的影响。方法 采用前瞻性分析方法选择我院舌癌术后患者148例，平均年龄62.8±10.4岁，分成治疗组和对照组（各74例），治疗组术后第1天开始进行2周的吞咽训练，对照组不给予吞咽干预。采用吞咽筛查量表（EAT?10）评价吞咽障碍程度和生活质量，记录吞咽训练前、后（14天）吞咽功能和生活质量的变化。结果 与对照组患者相比，治疗组患者的性别、年龄、淋巴结清扫状况、肿瘤分期和EAT?10标准分均无统计学差异（P>0.05），两组人群具有较好的可比性。治疗组在治疗后EAT?10标准分总分低于治疗前评分（P<0.05）；对照组术后14天EAT?10总分与术后第1天差异无统计学差异。结论 早期吞咽训练有助于提高舌癌术后患者的吞咽功能和生活质量。

Effect of swallowing training on swallowing function and quality of life in patients with dysphagia after tongue cancer operation

［Abstract］ Objective To investigate the effects of early swallowing training on swallowing function and quality of life in postoperative patients with tongue cancer. Methods A total of 148 patients with postoperative tongue cancer were enrolled in our hospital. The mean age was 62.8±10.4 years. They were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group （74 cases each）. The treatment group began 2 weeks of swallowing training on the first day after operation while the control group did not receive swallowing intervention. The degree of dysphagia and quality of life were evaluated using the 10?Item Eating Assessment Tool （EAT?10）， and changes in swallowing function and quality of life before and after swallowing training （14 days） were recorded. The two sets of continuous variables were compared using the SPSS 24.0 software package using the t test， which was used to compare the categorical variables. Results Compared with the control group， there was no significant difference in gender， age， lymph node dissection， tumor stage and EAT?10 score between the treatment group （P<0.05）. The two groups had good comparability. The total score of EAT?10 standard scores in the treatment group was lower than that before treatment （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference between the EAT?10 total score and the first day after surgery in the control group. Conclusion Early swallowing training can improve the swallowing function and quality of life of postoperative patients with tongue cancer.