血管周围脂肪组织与心肺血管疾病的研究进展

血管周围脂肪组织（perivascular adipose tissue, PVAT）是包绕在血管外膜的脂肪组织，与心肺血管疾病密切相关。在生理条件下，血管周围脂肪组织通过分泌血管活性物质调节血管张力；在病理条件下，失功能的血管周围脂肪组织通过分泌大量炎症因子、抗血管舒张因子、脂肪因子等参与高血压、动脉粥样硬化、肺动脉高压等疾病的进展。我们的既往研究还发现：失功能PVAT增加动脉粥样斑块易损性。心外膜脂肪（EAT）是位于心肌与脏层心包之间的脂肪组织，是血管周围脂肪组织的一种特殊类型，与心房颤动的发生和预后密切相关。本文拟对血管周围脂肪组织的结构特征和功能及其对心血管疾病的影响和作用机制进行综述。

Research progress of perivascular adipose tissue and cardiovascular diseases

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is adipose tissue that surrounds the adventitia of blood vessels. More and more studies have found that perivascular adipose tissue is closely related to cardiovascular disease. Under physiological conditions, perivascular adipose tissue not only supports the results of blood vessels, but also regulates vascular tension by secreting vasoactive substances. Under pathological conditions, dysfunctional perivascular adipose tissue promotes the progress of hypertension, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension and other diseases by secreting a large number of inflammatory factors, anti-vasodilation factors, adipose factors and so on. Epicardial fat (EAT) is a special type of PAVT, which is located between myocardium and visceral pericardium. EAT is closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of atrial fibrillation. This article reviews the structural characteristics and function of PVAT and its influence and mechanism on cardiovascular disease.