基于信息系统的住院患者营养风险筛查与分析

目的 为了调查住院患者营养风险的发生率，探讨住院患者营养风险状况。方法 通过护理信息系统采用营养风险筛查（NRS 2002）对2017年12月至2018年3月在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院住院的14954例住院患者进行营养风险筛查，分析营养风险发生情况，并对筛查有营养风险病人进行干预。结果 筛查显示住院患者中营养风险发生率16.4%（2456/14954），多因素分析显示年龄≥70岁（P=0.000，OR=2.868，95%CI：2.617~3.143）、卧床（P=0.002，OR=4.501，95%CI：1.737~11.664）、饮食减少≥25%（P=0.000，OR=2.478，95%CI：2.230~2.753）为营养风险发的高危因素。结论 住院患者存在一定的营养风险，除BMI<18.5、饮食减少量≥75%即为营养风险者应予营养支持外，年龄长者、卧床、饮食减少≥25%、的患者亦应重点关注，以便及时发现营养风险、制定营养支持方案。

Screening and analysis of nutritional risk of inpatients based on information system

Objective To investigate the incidence of nutritional risk in inpatients and analyze the status of nutritional risk in inpatients. Methods Nutritional risk screening was conducted on 14954 hospitalized patients hospitalized at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from December 2017 to March 2018 through nutrition information screening （NRS 2002）. Situation and intervention for screening for patients at risk of nutrition. Results Among the 14954 inpatients， the prevalence of nutritional risk was 16.4%. The age of ≥70 years old， bed rest， diet reduction ≥25%， the incidence of nutritional risk was higher and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Inpatients have certain nutritional risks. In addition to BMI <18.5， diet reduction ≥ 75% is the nutritional risk should be nutritional support， elderly patients， bed rest， diet reduction ≥25%， patients should also focus on， in order to timely identify nutritional risks， develop nutritional support Program.