母乳喂养家庭病房对新生儿重症监护病房低出生体重儿的影响观察

目的 探讨母乳喂养家庭病房对新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）低出生体重儿的影响。方法 选取镇江市妇幼保健院2018年5月至2019年5月接收的低体重儿126例，随机分为观察组和对照组，各63例。对照组采用冷藏母乳人工奶瓶喂养，观察组于家庭病房内由患儿母亲亲自母乳喂养。对比两组患儿喂养不耐受时间、达到全胃肠营养时间、住院时长、6个月龄纯母乳喂养率及并发症发生率。结果 观察组患儿喂养不耐受时间、达到全胃肠营养时间及患儿住院时长均短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组患儿6个月龄纯母乳喂养率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组患儿总并发症发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 通过在NICU内建立母乳喂养家庭病房可有效提升低出生体重儿喂养效果，缩短患儿住院时长，降低并发症发生率，值得推广。

Effect of breastfeeding in homey wards on neonates with low birth weight inneonatal intensive care unit

Objective To investigate the effects of breastfeeding in homey wards on low birth weight neonates in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods A total of 126 neonates with low weight who were admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhenjiang from May 2018 to May 2019 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 63 cases in each group. The neonates in control group were fed on cold milk by artificial bottle. And the neonates in observation group were treated with breast feeding in homey wards. The length of feeding intolerance, total gastrointestinal nutrition time, length of stay, exclusive breastfeeding rate and complication rate of the two groups were compared. Results The length of feeding intolerance, total gastrointestinal nutrition and hospitalization in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group significantly (P<0.05). The 6-month-old breast-feeding rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group significantly (P<0.05). The incidence of total complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group significantly(P<0.05).Conclusions The feeding effect on low birth weight neonates can be improved through the establishment of homey wards in NICU that shortens the hospitalization time of children and reduces the incidence of complications, which is worthy of promotion.