超声引导下肉毒杆菌毒素治疗环咽肌功能障碍的进展

环咽肌功能障碍是环咽肌不能完全松弛而导致以吞咽困难为主要症状的常见疾病。可能病因包括神经肌肉性，医源性，炎症性，肿瘤性和特发性疾病。治疗方法包括环咽肌切开术，食管扩张，注射肉毒杆菌毒素等。随着技术的发展，微创治疗凭借其安全、便捷、微创及美观等优点而逐步取代传统手术治疗，成为环咽肌功能障碍的首选临床治疗方案。其中，超声引导下肉毒杆菌毒素注射治疗作为近年来的热点治疗措施而备受关注，成为临床治疗环咽肌功能障碍的首选。本文就超声引导下肉毒杆菌毒素治疗与其他方法治疗环咽肌功能障碍作一比较。

Progress in treatment of cricopharyngeal dysfunction with ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin

Cricopharyngeal dysfunction is a common disease which can lead to dysphagia， for pharyngeal muscles are not completely relaxed. There are numerous etiologies including the general categories of neuromuscular， iatrogenic， inflammatory， neoplastic， and idiopathic disease. Current options for treatment include cricopharyngeal myotomy， esophageal dilatation， and botulinum toxin injection. Minimally invasive treatment gradually replaces traditional surgical treatment with its advantages of safety， convenience， minimally invasive and cosmetically appealing appearance. Among them， ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injection therapy has attracted much attention as a hot treatment in recent years， and has become the first choice for clinical treatment of pharyngeal muscle dysfunction. This article compares the botulinum toxin injection under ultrasound guidance with other treatments of pharyngeal muscle dysfunction.