不同干燥方法对红花中羟基红花黄色素A、山奈素及红花黄色素A含量的影响

目的:探讨不同干燥工艺对红花药材中羟基红花黄色素A、山奈素及红花黄色素A含量的影响,为其最佳干燥工艺的建立提供试验依据。方法:采用阴干、晒干、30℃烘干、60℃烘干、真空冷冻干燥、微波干燥等6种方法对样品进行处理。采用Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈(A)-0.3%磷酸溶液(B),梯度洗脱;检测波长:367 nm(22~45 min,检测山奈素);403 nm(0~22 min、45~70 min,检测羟基红花黄色素A和红花黄色素A),流速:1.0 ml·min^-1,柱温:35℃,进样量:10μl。结果:红花不同干燥品的指标成分含量存在差异,微波干燥后的红花药材中羟基红花黄色素A、山奈素及红花黄色素A含量含量较高,真空冷冻干燥、阴干、晒干、30℃烘干次之,60℃烘干最低。不同干燥方法处理的红花药材中山奈素含量变化不明显。结论:微波干燥红花效率高、方法简单、时间短、成本低,可作为红花干燥的优先选择方法。

Effects of Different Drying Methods on the Contents of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A,Kaempferol and Safflor Yellow A in Carthamus Tinctorrius

Objective:To compare the contents of hydroxysafflor yellow A,kaempferol and safflor yellow A in Carthamus tinctorrius with different drying methods to provide basis for establishing the best drying technology of Carthamus tinctorrius.Methods:The samples were processed with six drying methods including shade drying,sun drying,30℃oven drying,60℃oven drying,vacuum freeze drying and microwave drying.The separation was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)in a gradient elution mode with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile(A)-0.3%phosphoric acid(B).The flow rate was 1.0 ml·min^-1 and the column temperature was set at 35℃.The injection volume was 10μl.The detection wavelengths were set at 367 nm(22-45 min for kaempferol)and 403nm(0-22 min and 45-70 min for hydroxysafflor yellow A and safflor yellow A,respectively).Results:The contents of the index components in the samples prepared with the six drying methods showed the differences.The contents of hydroxysafflor yellow A,kaempferol and safflor yellow A in the samples prepared by microwave drying method were the highest,followed by vacuum freeze drying,shade drying,sun drying,30℃oven drying and 60℃oven drying in turn.The content of kaempferol had not significant change with the different drying methods.Conclusion:The microwave drying method is simply with high efficiency,short drying time and low cost,which can be used as a preferred drying method for Carthamus tinctorrius.