CT容积模型分析儿童腺样体大小与鼻咽腔容积的相关性

目的 采用CT容积扫描及三维重建等技术建立上气道模型，探讨儿童腺样体大小与鼻咽腔容积关系，分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）的影响。方法 采集109例儿童鼻咽部CT图像后进行重建，测量并计算腺样体大小（A/N值）及鼻咽腔容积等参数。根据A/N值将所有儿童分为正常组和肥大组，根据是否患有OSAHS分为OSAHS组和非OSAHS组。比较正常组和肥大组间各参数差异，分析不同性别及不同年龄A/N值与鼻咽腔容积的关系，以及OSAHS对A/N值与鼻咽腔容积关系的影响。结果 肥大组鼻咽腔容积[（3 111.67±1 304.73）mm³]小于正常组[（4 960.55±2 036.14）mm³，P<0.01]， A/N值（0.69±0.11）大于正常组（0.45±0.97，P<0.01）。男性及女性儿童鼻咽腔容积与A/N值均呈负相关（r_男=-0.43，r_女=-0.42，P均<0.01）。5岁以下儿童A/N值与鼻咽腔容积的相关性（r=-0.43）小于6~10岁儿童（r=-0.49），OSAHS组A/N值与鼻咽腔容积相关性（r=-0.60）高于非OSAHS组（r=-0.33）。结论 腺样体大小与鼻咽腔容积呈负相关且存在年龄差异。OSAHS患儿腺样体大小与鼻咽腔容积的相关性更高。

Analysis of correlation between Adenoid hypertrophy and volume of nasopharynx in children by CT volume model

Objective To explore the relationship of children adenoid and nasopharyngeal volume using upper airway model established with CT volume scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction technology, and to analyze the impact of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Nasopharyngeal CT images of 109 children were collected. After reconstruction of all images, the size of adenoid (A/N value) and nasopharyngeal cavity volume were measured and calculated. The children were divided into normal group and hypertrophic group according to A/N value, also OSAHS group and non-OSAHS group according to whether had OSAHS or not. The indexes were compared between normal group and hypertrophic group. The correlation of A/N value and nasopharyngeal cavity volume in different genders and ages were analyzed, and the impact of OSAHS on the relationship of A/N value and nasopharyngeal cavity volume was observed.Results Nasopharyngeal volume of hypertrophic group ([3 111.67±1304.73]mm³) was smaller than that of normal group ([4 960.55±2 036.14]mm³,P<0.01). A/N value of hypertrophic group (0.69±0.11) was greater than that of normal group (0.45±0.97, P<0.01). The nasopharyngeal volume was negatively correlated with A/N value in both genders (r_male=-0.43, r_female=-0.42, both P<0.01). The correlation coefficient of A/N value and nasopharyngeal volume in children <5 years old (r=-0.43) was less than that in children aged 6-10 years old (r=-0.49), and of OSAHS group (r=-0.60) was higher than of non-OSAHS group (r=-0.33).Conclusion Negative correlation of adenoid size and nasopharyngeal cavity volume exists, which is of age difference. Compared with non-OSAHS children, adenoid size is obviously correlated with nasopharyngeal cavity volume in children with OSAHS.