经会阴超声评估女性直肠脱垂性病变患者直肠脱垂程度

目的 探讨经会阴超声评估女性直肠脱垂性病变患者直肠脱垂程度的价值。方法 根据直肠是否脱出肛管将26例女性直肠脱垂性病变患者分为内脱垂组（IRP组，n=18）和外脱垂组（ERP组，n=8），另选20名健康女性作为对照组。行经会阴超声检查，测量并比较静息时和力排时直肠壶腹部位置、直肠移动度、盆膈裂孔面积及肛直角。结果 与静息时比较，3组力排时盆膈裂孔面积均增大，直肠壶腹部位置均下降（P均<0.05）。IRP组和ERP组静息时和力排时盆膈裂孔面积均大于对照组，力排时直肠壶腹部位置下降均大于对照组（P均<0.05）。ERP组静息时直肠壶腹部位置低于IRP组和正常组（P均<0.05），IRP组与对照组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。IRP组和ERP组直肠移动度均大于对照组（P均<0.05）。3组静息时和力排时肛直角大小差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。结论 经会阴超声可评估女性直肠脱垂性病变患者直肠脱垂程度。

Transperineal ultrasound in evaluation of the degree of rectal prolapse in females with rectal prolapse disease

Objective To investigate the value of transperineal ultrasound in evaluation of the degree of rectal prolapse in females with rectal prolapse disease. Methods Totally 26 women with rectal prolapse disease were divided into internal rectal prolapse (IRP) group (n=18) or external rectal prolapse (ERP) group (n=8) according to whether rectal prolapsed outside the anus or not. Meanwhile, 20 healthy women were selected as control group. All subjects underwent transperineal ultrasound. The position of rectum ampulla, rectal motility, the size of the pelvic diaphragm hiatus and anorectal angulation were measured at rest state and during straining and compared among 3 groups. Results Compared with those at resting state, the size of the pelvic diaphragm hiatus increased and the position of rectal ampulla decreased in 3 groups during straining (all P<0.05). The size of the pelvic diaphragm hiatus in IRP group and ERP group were larger than that in control group at both rest and straining state, the position of rectal ampulla decline was higher than that in control group during straining (all P<0.05). The position of rectum ampulla in ERP group was lower than that in IRP group and control group at rest (both P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between IRP group and control group (P>0.05). Rectal motility in IRP group and ERP group were higher than that in control group (both P<0.05). The anorectal angulation was no significant difference at rest and during straining among 3 groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion Transperineal ultrasound can be used to evaluate the degree of rectal prolapse in females with rectal prolapse disease.