成都市2010、2014年社区成年居民肥胖和超重的比较与影响因素研究

目的：探讨成都市社区成年居民肥胖和超重情况的差异及影响肥胖和超重的主要因素。方法分别于2010、2014年在3个社区进行两次社区卫生服务的横断面调查。两次调查均采用多阶段随机抽样方法，在成都市某城区的3个社区进行入户问卷调查。结果2010年与2014年相比，社区成年居民超重率从27.9%上升至31.2%，其增加幅度为11.8%；肥胖率从6.9%上升至7.7%，其增加幅度为11.6%。年龄标化后，超重率由28.9%上升到30.4%，肥胖率由7.2%上升到7.5%。logistic 回归结果显示：男性超重、肥胖患病率和增长幅度均高于女性；45~<55岁超重率最高，而18~<25岁肥胖率最高且该年龄段居民超重和肥胖率增长最快；非再婚人群、低文化程度、锻炼、饮食口味重及静坐时间长的人群超重和肥胖率较高。结论成都市社区成年居民超重和肥胖率呈现逐年增加的趋势，应采取综合措施，运用健康促进理论与技术，以社区为平台，加强重点人群防治，促进不健康生活方式的改变，强化健康教育，增强自我保健意识。

Research on the Difference and Influence Factors of Community Adult Obesity and Overweight in Chengdu in 2010 and 2014

Objective To investigate the difference and influence factors of community adult obesity and overweight in Chengdu.Methods The multi-stage random sampling method and the residence questionnaire survey were adopted to collect the data in the two cross sectional surveys on 3 communities in 2010 and 2014 respectively. Results Comparing the data of 2014 with that of 2010,the rate of overweight increased from 27.9% to 31.2%,with a rise of 1 1.8%.The rate of obesity increased from 6.9% to 7.7%,with a rise of 1 1.6%. With the age standardized,the rate of overweight increased from 28.9% to 30.4% and that of obesity increased from 7.2% to 7.5%.Logistic regression showed that the rate of overweight and obesity in males were higher than in females.The group between 45 and 55 was the highest among overweight groups.The group between 18 and 25 was the highest among obesity groups and the rate of this group increases faster in terms of both overweight and obesity.The rate of both overweight and obesity is much higher among divorced people and people with poor education,or with few physical exercises,or with much food with very strong flavor,or long-time sitting.Conclusion The rate of adult obesity and overweight in Chengdu communities was increased year by year.Corresponding measures should be implemented such as taking comprehensive measures, applying health promotion theory and technology, strengthening the precausionary measures,focusing on key groups,promoting changes of unhealthy lifestyle, strengthening health education,and enhancing self-health awareness.