不同术后镇痛方法对胸外科肿瘤患者免疫功能的影响

目的 观察不同术后镇痛方法 对胸外科肿瘤患者免疫功能的影响.方法 选择ASA分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,年龄35～65岁行肺癌根治术或食管癌根治术患者40例,随机分为术后自控静脉镇痛(PCIA)组(Ⅰ组,20例)和术后自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)组(E组,20例),术后分别行PCLA和PCEA48h.Ⅰ组药物配伍:舒芬太尼1μg/ml和托烷司琼0.05 mg/ml,背景剂量2 ml/h,自控镇痛剂量2 ml,锁定时间15 min;E组在麻醉诱导前于T4-5间隙行硬膜外置管,注射0.33%罗哌卡因6 ml后行PCEA,药物配伍:罗哌卡因2 mg/ml.术后记录视觉模拟评分法(VAS)镇痛评分、Ramsay镇静评分及不良反应情况.分别于麻醉诱导前,术后2h、1 d、3 d、7 d测定患者皮质醇、白细胞介素(IL)-2浓度,自然杀伤细胞(NK细胞)和细胞因子诱导杀伤细胞(CIK细胞)水平.结果 术后2 h I组VAS镇痛评分为(1.8±0.3)分,与E组的(1.8±0.5)分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1、3、7 d E组的Ramsay镇静评分均较Ⅰ组降低(P<0.05);术后2 h、1 d、3 d、7 dE组的皮质醇浓度低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),IL-2浓度、NK细胞水平、CIK细胞水平均高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05).结论 术后PCEA可增强胸外科肿瘤患者免疫功能,效果优于术后PCIA.

Effect of postoperative analgesia with difference methods on immunity in patients after thoracic tumour surgery

Objective To investigate the effect of postoperative analgesia with difference methods on immunity in patients after thoracic tumour surgery. Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients aged 35-65 years old undergoing thoracic tumour surgery were randomized to receive either postoperative patient- controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) (group Ⅰ, 20 cases) or patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) (group E, 20 cases) for 48 h. Medicine compatibility in group Ⅰ: sulfentanyl 1μg/ml, tropisetron 0.05 mg/ml, the PCIA pump was set up to deliver a 5 ml bolus dose with a 15-min lockout interval and background infusion at 2 ml/h. Epidual catheter was placed at T4-5interspace before induction of anesthesia in group E. The PCEA solution contained 2 mg/ml ropivacaine. The PCEA pump was set up to deliver a 2 ml bolus dose with a 15-min lockout interval and background infusion at 2 ml/h after a loading dose of 0.33% ropivacame 6 ml. The VAS score, Ramsay sedation score and complications were reeorded. Blood samples were taken before induction (baseline) and at 2 h and 1st, 3rd and 7th day after surgery for determination of plasma concentrations of cortisol, interleukin 2 (IL-2) and the level of natural killer (NK) cells and eytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells. Results There was no significant difference in VAS score at 2 h after operation between two groups (1.8±0.3) scores in group Ⅰ and (1.8±0.5)scores in group E].Ramsay sedation score at Ist, 3rd and 7th day after operation in group E were significantly lower than those in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), The plasma concentration of cortisol at 2 h and Ist, 3rd, 7th day after operation in group Ewere significantly lower than those in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the levels of IL-2, NK cells and CIK cells in group E were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). Conclusions The efficacy of postoperative PCEA in improving immunity after thoracic tumour surgery is better than that of postoperative PCIA.