Mortality among 24,865 workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in three electrical capacitor manufacturing plants: A ten-year update |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA;2. Institute for Work and Health (IST), Rue du Bugnon 21, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;3. Division of Applied Research Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA;1. University of Torino, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Torino, Italy;2. University of Torino, Department of Chemistry, Torino, Italy;3. Unit of Respiratory Medicine, National Health Service (ASL TO2), Turin, Italy;1. School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong;2. Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong;1. Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA;2. Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;3. Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;4. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;5. Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;6. National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany;7. Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;8. National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA;1. Development and Environmental Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Miyagi, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;2. Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan;3. Environmental Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;4. Human Development and Disabilities, Tohoku University Graduate School of Education, Sendai 980-8576, Japan;1. Federal Environment Agency (UBA), Berlin, Germany;2. University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;3. BiPRO GmbH, Munich, Germany;4. Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment, Brussels, Belgium;5. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain;6. Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance – Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Germany;7. Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium;8. Health Protection Agency, London, United Kingdom;9. University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;10. Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia;11. Environmental Health Science International, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Germany;2. Department of Social Epidemiology, Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The objective of this analysis was to evaluate mortality among a cohort of 24,865 capacitor-manufacturing workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at plants in Indiana, Massachusetts, and New York and followed for mortality through 2008. Cumulative PCB exposure was estimated using plant-specific job-exposure matrices. External comparisons to US and state-specific populations used standardized mortality ratios, adjusted for gender, race, age and calendar year. Among long-term workers employed 3 months or longer, within-cohort comparisons used standardized rate ratios and multivariable Poisson regression modeling. Through 2008, more than one million person-years at risk and 8749 deaths were accrued. Among long-term employees, all-cause and all-cancer mortality were not elevated; of the a priori outcomes assessed only melanoma mortality was elevated. Mortality was elevated for some outcomes of a priori interest among subgroups of long-term workers: all cancer, intestinal cancer and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (women); melanoma (men); melanoma and brain and nervous system cancer (Indiana plant); and melanoma and multiple myeloma (New York plant). Standardized rates of stomach and uterine cancer and multiple myeloma mortality increased with estimated cumulative PCB exposure. Poisson regression modeling showed significant associations with estimated cumulative PCB exposure for prostate and stomach cancer mortality. For other outcomes of a priori interest – rectal, liver, ovarian, breast, and thyroid cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson disease – neither elevated mortality nor positive associations with PCB exposure were observed. Associations between estimated cumulative PCB exposure and stomach, uterine, and prostate cancer and myeloma mortality confirmed our previous positive findings. |
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| Keywords: | Polychlorinated biphenyls Cohort study Occupational exposure Cancer Exposure assessment |
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