Implementation science approaches for integrating eHealth research into practice and policy |
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| Institution: | 1. Computer Science Department, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait;2. Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada;1. Division of Nursing Business & Health Systems, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;2. Office of Global Outreach, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;3. School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia;4. School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil;5. Center for Patient Safety, Research & Practice, Brigham and Women''s Hospital, MA, USA;6. Center for Nursing Excellence, Brigham and Women''s Hospital, MA, USA;7. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;1. Health Economics Research Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom;2. eHealth Unit, Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom;3. Primary Care Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom;4. Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, United Kingdom;5. Health Economics and Decision Science, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom;6. Public Health and Social Care Section, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London, United Kingdom;7. Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom;8. Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | PurposeTo summarize key issues in the eHealth field from an implementation science perspective and to highlight illustrative processes, examples and key directions to help more rapidly integrate research, policy and practice.MethodsWe present background on implementation science models and emerging principles; discuss implications for eHealth research; provide examples of practical designs, measures and exemplar studies that address key implementation science issues; and make recommendations for ways to more rapidly develop and test eHealth interventions as well as future research, policy and practice.ResultsThe pace of eHealth research has generally not kept up with technological advances, and many of our designs, methods and funding mechanisms are incapable of providing the types of rapid and relevant information needed. Although there has been substantial eHealth research conducted with positive short-term results, several key implementation and dissemination issues such as representativeness, cost, unintended consequences, impact on health inequities, and sustainability have not been addressed or reported. Examples of studies in several of these areas are summarized to demonstrate this is possible.ConclusionseHealth research that is intended to translate into policy and practice should be more contextual, report more on setting factors, employ more responsive and pragmatic designs and report results more transparently on issues important to potential adopting patients, clinicians and organizational decision makers. We outline an alternative development and assessment model, summarize implementation science findings that can help focus attention, and call for different types of more rapid and relevant research and funding mechanisms. |
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| Keywords: | eHealth Internet mHealth Review Recommendations Implementation science Methodology |
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