Co‐inhibitory immune checkpoints in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma |
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| Authors: | Z‐J Sun |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial‐Head and Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China |
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| Abstract: | The upregulation of co‐inhibitory immune checkpoints hampers the immune response toward tumor cells and facilitates the tumor cells ability to evade immunosurveillance. Specific inhibitory immune checkpoint delivers inhibitory signals to T cells using multiple mechanisms. More in‐depth understanding of the co‐inhibitory immune checkpoints could be exploited for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment. In this review, we summarize the expression and the mechanism of partial co‐inhibitory immune checkpoint signals and discuss targeting co‐inhibitory immune checkpoints as an immunotherapeutic target for cancer therapy. This review may provide a better understanding of the co‐inhibitory immune checkpoints and could promote applications of immunotherapy. |
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| Keywords: | CTLA‐4 head neck squamous cell carcinoma immune checkpoint PD‐1 |
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