嗜血杆菌分离培养基的评价与应用

目的：选择合适的嗜血杆菌分离培养提高嗜血杆菌分离率。方法：将嗜血杆菌接种于7种培养基上，计算和比较7种培养基上嗜血杆菌的平均生长指数（GI）；对325份呼吸道标本进行检测，比较巧克力琼脂（BRchoc）和加万古霉素巧克力琼脂(BRchoc-V）的嗜血杆菌分离率。结果：添加2％鲜酵母浸液和50％鲜牛肉浸液的各种培养基，较未加者的GI值明显增高；兔血巧克力琼脂培养基较羊血巧克力琼脂培养基的GI值为高（P＜0.001）；加万古霉素（50μg/ml）的兔血巧克力琼脂培养基，较未加者对嗜血杆菌的分离率（77.2％／32.0％）明显提高（P＜0.001）。结论：培养基中增加鲜酵母浸液等营养物质可促进流感嗜血杆菌的生长，制培养基所用血源以兔血最佳，其次为羊血；分离培养基加入50μg/ml的万古霉素，可显著提高嗜血杆菌的分离率。

Evaluation and applicatipn of media for isolation of haemophilus

Objective To select suitable media for increasing isolation rate of haemophilus. Methods Haemophilus was inoculated on seven types of media. The average growth index(GI) of Haemophilus was calculated and Haemophilus was isolated from 325 specimens of the respiratory tract and its isolation rate was compared with that media of brchoc and brchoc V agare. Results The GI of media with 2% fresh yeast infusion and 50% of meat infusion was higher than that of those with no yeast and meat infusion. The GI of Haemophilus on BRchoc was higher than that of the BSchoc( P <0.001). The isolation rate of Haemophilus from 325 respiratory tract specimens on BRchoc V was 77.2%, which was significantly higher than that on the medium BRchoc (32.0%). Conclusions BRchoc V is a better medium for isolation of Haemophilus. This medium is effective to improve the isolation rate of Haemophilus.