Association between the liver fat score (LFS) and cardiovascular diseases in the national health and nutrition examination survey 1999–2016 |
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| Authors: | Chun-On Lee Hang-Long Li Man-Fung Tsoi Ching-Lung Cheung Bernard Man Yung Cheung |
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| Institution: | aDepartment of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;bState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;cDepartment of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;dInstitute of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe liver fat score (LFS) has been proposed to be a simple non-invasive marker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is highly prevalent in the general population. We tested its association with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and prognosis.Methods17,244 adult participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016 were included. LFS is calculated from variables including serum aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase (AST/ALT) ratio, fasting serum aspartate transaminase (AST) level, fasting serum insulin level, presence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. In cross-sectional analysis, logistic regression was used to examine the association of the LFS with coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), congestive heart failure (CHF), stroke and angina pectoris. Mortality during follow-up was analysed using Cox proportional hazard regression.ResultsLFS was associated with CHD (adjusted odds ratio OR]: 1.09 per standard deviation SD], 95% confidence interval 95% CI]: 1.03–1.15) (p = .003), CHF (1.11, 1.04–1.18) (p = .003) and angina pectoris (1.08, 1.02–1.13) (p = .005). LFS was not associated with MI or stroke, but was associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.10 (95% CI: 1.07–1.13) (p < .001) and 1.12 (95% CI: 1.06–1.17) (p < .001), respectively.ConclusionsNAFLD is usually asymptomatic, but this large study of a large general population shows that LFS is associated with CHD, CHF, angina pectoris, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Determining the LFS is worthwhile, as it identifies people with NAFLD, who may also be at increased cardiovascular risk.Key Messages- Liver fat score (LFS), a non-invasive marker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD), congestive heart failure (CHF) and angina.
- LFS is also associated with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
- Determining the LFS is worthwhile as it identifies people with NAFLD as well as increased cardiovascular risk.
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| Keywords: | Cardiovascular disease prevention metabolic syndrome non-alcoholic fatty liver disease score liver fat score |
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