Diagnostic accuracy of various forms of geriatric depression scale for screening of depression among older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Brain Stimulation and Neurophysiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine (SHL – Now at the National Institute of Mental Health; SMM, MMH), Durham, NC;2. Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health (SHL, Z-DD), Bethesda, Maryland;3. Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center (SMM, CMC, MMH), Dallas, TX;4. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center (GA, VL, RCY), White Plains, NY;5. Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital/North Shore-LIJ Health System (SHB, SK, GP), New York, NY;6. Department of Nursing, Duke University School of Medicine (EB), Durham, NC;7. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (MCB, ETG, LSL, CHK), New York, NY;8. NYU Langone (RMG), New York, NY;9. Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina (MD, RGK, MM, AAT), Charleston, SC;10. Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (WVM, PBR), Augusta, GA;11. Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute (JP), New York, NY;12. Division of Services and Intervention Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health (MVR), Bethesda, MD;13. Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic (SS), Rochester, MN;14. VA New Jersey Health Care System (KGT), East Orange, NJ;15. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University (RDW), Durham, NC;1. Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;2. University of Waikato, School of Psychology, Hamilton, New Zealand;3. Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;4. University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesDepression is under-reported and under-identified by the healthcare professionals. Geriatric depression scale (GDS) is one of the most commonly used instruments for screening the older adults for depression. The current review was done to determine the diagnostic accuracy of various forms of GDS for screening of depression among older adults.MethodsWe conducted systematic search in various databases like Medline, Cochrane library, Sciencedirect and Google Scholar from inception till May 2019. Quality of trials was assessed by Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. We performed bivariate meta-analysis to obtain the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio for each of the GDS forms.ResultsTotally 53 studies with 17,018 participants were included in the review. We found the pooled sensitivity and specificity of GDS 30 to be 82 % and 76 % with near higher diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.85). GDS 15 had pooled sensitivity and specificity of 86 % and 79 % with higher diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.90). GDS 10 had pooled sensitivity and specificity of 87 % and 75 % with AUC = 0.83. Our study found GDS 4 to have sensitivity of 74 % with specificity of 71 %. All the four forms of GDS belonged to right lower quadrant of LR scatter-gram indicating neither confirmation nor exclusion.ConclusionCurrent study found that all the forms of GDS are highly useful for detecting depression among elderly with higher sensitivity and specificity. The diagnostic performance was much better for shorter forms of GDS such as GDS 15 and GDS 10 when compared to GDS 30. |
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| Keywords: | Elderly Geriatric depression scale Meta-analysis Validation studies |
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