Effects of chronic methamphetamine abuse on the retinal nerve fiber layer,ganglion cell layer and Bruch’s membrane opening minimum rim width |
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| Institution: | 1. Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;2. Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;3. Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran;1. Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences University of Catania, Catania, Italy;2. Department of Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy;3. Department of Engineering, Unit of Chemical-Physics Fundamentals in Chemical Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy;1. Persian Cohort Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;2. Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;3. Community Health Nurse, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;4. Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;1. Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy;2. Departement of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy;3. Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;4. Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology-CERFO, University of Catania, Catania, Italy;5. Unit of Chemical-Physics Fundamentals in Chemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University, Roma, Italy;1. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University Clinic Ulm, Germany;2. Department of Neurology, University Clinic Ulm, Germany;3. Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Germany |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundMethamphetamine (Meth) is a highly addictive and hallucinogenic agent which is used as the second most common illicit drug globally. Meth could affect the retina and optic nerve by inducing the release of vasoconstrictive agents such as endothelin 1 and induction of severe oxidative stress with accumulation of reactive oxygen species.AimTo evaluate the effects of chronic Meth abuse on the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL) and the Bruch’s membrane opening minimum rim width (MRW).MethodIn this case-control study, we recruited 55 Meth abusers and 49 healthy individuals with mean age of 44.63 ± 0.97 and 43.08 ± 0.91 years, respectively. RNFL thickness, GCL thickness and MRW were evaluated using optical coherence tomography.ResultsWe found statistically significant decrease in RNFL, MRW thickness in Meth abusers (P: 0.002 and P: 0.006, respectively). We did not detect statistically significant difference regarding GCL thickness between the groups (P = 0.320). Our results showed a weak but statistically significant correlation of Meth dose increment and decrement of RNFL thickness ((P: 0.005, r = -0.193) and MRW (P: 0.013, r = -0.174). We found no correlation between duration of Meth consumption with RNFL and MRW thickness (P: 0.205, r= -0.124; P: 0.771, r= -0.029, respectively).ConclusionWe found a statistically significant adverse association in meth abusers with RNFL thickness and MRW. These two parameters were also statistically associated with the meth dose as measured by daily dose of Meth. Although we found a decrease in the GCL thickness, it did not reach statistical significance. |
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| Keywords: | Methamphetamine Retinal nerve fiber layer Ganglion cell layer Minimumrim width OCT |
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