Cognitive reserve and depression predict subjective reports of successful aging |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology (MA, LT, GS), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, CE, Italy;2. Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (AG), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli, NA, Italy;1. Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Old Road Nicosia-Limmasol 215-6, CY2029 Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus;2. Department of Neurology, NIMTS Hospital, Monis Petraki 10-12, GR11521, Athens, Greece;3. The Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stilp. Kyriakidi 1, GR54636, Thessaloniki, Greece;1. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;2. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece;3. Health Center of Aeropolis, General Hospital of Sparta, Aeropolis, Greece;4. University of Malta, Nutrition, Family and Consumer Studies Office, Msida, Republic of Malta;5. Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy;6. Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece;7. Health Center of Kalloni, General Hospital of Mitilini, Mitilini, Greece;8. Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Universitat de les Illes Balears & CIBERobn, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundWith graying of western societies, successful aging is a hotly debated topic. Attaining successful aging brings benefits not only at the individual level, but also to society. To better understand successful aging, we conducted a study of older adults in the Republic of Slovenia.MethodsWe recruited 213 community-dwelling adults, age 65 years and older, who responded to the Successful Aging Inventory (SAI), Purpose of Life Questionnaire (PIL), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Cognitive Reserve Index, Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), and Multiple Abilities Self-Report Questionnaire (MASQ).ResultsResponses to all scales were significantly correlated, which was taken into account when identifying covariates of latent successful aging in a structural equation model. Successful aging, as evaluated by the combination questionnaire responses, was most strongly associated with depression and marginally associated with cognitive reserve. Self-rated functional and cognitive capacities did not significantly explain individual differences in successful aging.DiscussionIn our study of community-dwelling, older Slovenes, self-rated depression emerged as a strong correlate of successful aging and, to a lesser degree, cognitive reserve. Future studies of interventions that aim to promote successful aging should consider the role of depression and cognitive reserve in the older adult’s experience of aging. |
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| Keywords: | Successful aging Depression Cognitive reserve Sex differences Subjective assessment Structural equation modeling |
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