2009年度自贡市急救中心院前急救流行病学研究

目的研究自贡市急救中心院前急救流行病学特征。方法回顾性分析2009年度自贡市急救中心出诊的院前急救数据,研究院前急救疾病谱及性别、年龄构成,并分析时刻及季节分布特点,描述院前急救转归。结果 2009年度自贡市急救中心院前急救共4 588例,排前6位疾病依次为损伤、中毒和外因的某些其他后果（45.6%）,循环系统疾病（15.0%）,呼吸系统疾病（6.3%）,神经系统疾病（6.0%）,精神和行为障碍（5.6%）,消化系统疾病（4.9%）;性别构成男性多于女性（P〈0.05）;年龄构成以中老年较多,青少年儿童较少（P〈0.05）;时刻分布规律高峰点为15点40分（P〈0.05）,季节分布以冬季较多（P〈0.05）;患者转归以住院、留院观察为主,院前死亡人数占比例为3.8%。结论根据院前急救流行病学规律,可以合理配置急诊资源,增强应急救援能力,满足民众不断增加的医疗需求。

An Epidemiological Study of Prehospital Cases during the Year of 2009 in Zigong Emergency Rescue Center

Objective To research on the epidemiological characteristics of the prehospital cases in Zigong emergency rescue center.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the database of prehospital cases in Zigong emergency rescue center in 2009,and reviewed the prehospital disease spectrum,gender composition,age structure,the circadian and seasonal distribution,and the outcomes of these cases.Results A total of 4 588 prehospital victims in Zigong emergency rescue center were enrolled.In the study,six leading diseases were injury,poisoning and certain other consequences due to external causes（45.6%）,diseases of the circulatory system（15.0%）,diseases of the respiratory system（6.3%）,diseases of the nervous system（6.0%）,mental and behavioral disorders（5.6%）,and diseases of the digestive system（4.9%）.Male patients were more than female patients（P0.05）.The proportion of the aged and the middle-aged was significantly larger than that of young population in the same districts（P0.05）,and the occurrence of prehospital care usually peaked at 15：40（P0.05）.Prehospital care had a higher incidence in winter（P0.05）,and the outcome of prehospital cases was mainly in hospital and in observation ward.The proportion of deaths was 3.8%.Conclusion We can allocate emergency resources reasonably in prehospital care,and promote the ability of rescuing in order to meet people′s medical demands on the basis of the epidemiological study in our city.