5种中草药体外抑杀蠕形螨的实验研究

［摘要］　目的 研究艾叶、腊梅、藿香、松针、金桂等5种中草药体外抑杀蠕形螨的效果。方法 通过透明胶纸粘贴法获得人体蠕形螨，以百部作为阳性对照，采用乙醇热回流提取百部和上述5种中草药提取物，作用于离体蠕形螨进行体外杀螨实验，镜下持续观察百部、艾叶、腊梅、藿香、松针、金桂6种中草药对蠕形螨的抑杀效果。螨体及螯肢不动者判断为死亡，记录蠕形螨加药后的存活时间。结果 艾叶、腊梅、藿香均能够有效抑杀人体蠕形螨，其中艾叶、藿香抑杀蠕形螨的效果与百部相似（P > 0.05），腊梅抑杀蠕形螨效果弱于百部（P < 0.05）；对于毛囊蠕形螨，藿香抑杀时间相对最短（4.60±1.66]） min]，金桂用时最长（114.65min±80.14 min]）；而对于皮脂蠕形螨，艾叶抑杀时间最短（3.56min±1.92min]），金桂用时最长（194.24min±134.96] min）。结论 艾叶、藿香抑杀蠕形螨的效果与百部相当，腊梅、松针抑杀蠕形螨的效果弱于百部，金桂无杀螨作用。

Effects of five Chinese herbs on human demodicid mites in vitro

Objective To research the effects of five Chinese herbs of Artemisia argyi， Chimonanthus praecox， Agastache rugosa， pine needles and Osmamthus fragrans on human demodicid mites in vitro. Methods The human demodicid mites were acquired with the cellophane tape method. The ethanol heat reflux extractions were carried out on the 5 kinds of Chinese herbs to be studied and Stemona sessilifolia as the positive control， so as to get the herbal extracts. Next， the drug administration was carried out to the demodicid mites， and the inhibitory or killing effects of the 6 kinds of Chinese herbs above mentioned on the vermiform mites were observed under a microscope. It was considered to be dead when the bodies of the demodicid mites stopped moving. Besides， the duration from drug administration to death of the vermiform mites was recorded， and the data was analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Results Artemisia argyi， Chimonanthus praecox and Agastache rugosa could effectively inhibit and kill human demodicid mites. The effect of Artemisia argyi and Agastache rugosa was similar to the effect of Stemona sessilifolia， and the effect of Chimonanthus praecox was weaker than Stemona sessilifolia’s effect. Among them， Agastache rugosa took a relatively short time （4.60±1.66]） min and Osmamthus fragrans took the longest time （114.65±80.14]） min to Demodex folliculorum； Whereas， Artemisia argyi took the shortest time （3.56±1.92]） min and Osmamthus fragrans took the longest time （194.24±134.96]） min to Demodex brevis. Conclusions The effects of Artemisia argyi and Agastache rugosa on human demodicid mites are similar to that of Stemona sessilifolia. The effects of Chimonanthus praecox and pine needles are weaker than that of Stemona sessilifolia. Osmamthus fragrans has no acaricidal effect.