高原汽车兵的心理健康问卷分析及服务对策

目的探讨高原汽车兵心理健康状况,并对照心理测量结果,进行分析,提出心理服务对策建议。方法采用状态—特质焦虑问卷和SCL-90症状自评量表对川藏公路上某部277名汽车兵进行测试,并与地方一般人群和中国军人常模进行对照研究。结果①高原汽车兵的焦虑、恐怖、躯体化、强迫、偏执分及总分均显著高于中国军人常模（P〈0.01）,敌对和精神病性因子分高于中国军人常模（P〈0.05）,差异具有统计学意义;人际敏感和抑郁因子分与中国军人常模相比,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。②高原汽车兵的状态焦虑总分和特质焦虑总分均高于地方一般人群（P〈0.01）。结论高原汽车兵的心理问题较突出,心理健康水平低于全军平均水平。建议结合其特点,进行经常性的心理教育、心理测评、心理咨询、行为训练和个别心理诊治。

Questionnaire Analysis of Mental Health Test on Automobile Soldiers at High Altitude and Countermeasures on Psychological Services

[Objective]To study the metal health status of automobile soldiers at high altitude,to analysize the psychological test result,and put forward countermeasure and suggestions on the psychological services.[Methods]State-Trait Anxiety Inventory （STAI） and Symptom Checklist-90 （ SCL-90 ） were employed to test 227 automobile soldiers in a PLA unit serving on Sichuan-Tibet Highway.The results were compared with Chinese general population norm and Chinese serviceman norm.[Results]①Of automobile soldiers at high altitude,the total score and those of anxiety,phobias,somatization,coercion,paranoia were all siginificantly higher than Chinese serviceman norm （P〈0.01）.The scores of hostility and psychotic factor were significantly higher than the norm（P〈0.05）.And the scores of interpersonal relation and depression in automobile soldiers were not significantly different from the norm （P〈0.05）.②As compared with Chinese general population norm,the scores of the soldiers increased significantly in state anxiety inventory （SAI） and trait anxiety inventory （TAI） （P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]The psychological problem of automobile soldiers at high altitude is prominent.The mental health status of them is worse than the average level of PLA.Psychological education,psychological test,psychological counseling,behavioral training and individual psychotherapy should be regularly conducted among automobile soldiers at high altitude aiming at their particular psychological characteristics.