股动脉粥样硬化的病理学特点探讨

目的通过与冠状动脉、颈总动脉粥样硬化比较,探讨股动脉粥样硬化的病理学特点。方法收集解放军总医院老年尸体解剖病例15例,将每例之两侧股动脉、两侧颈总动脉、左冠状动脉前降支进行连续取材,常规病理检查,选取部分节段行平滑肌肌动蛋白、CD68、bax免疫组织化学SP法染色。结果股动脉粥样硬化与冠状动脉粥样硬化在病变类型、斑块中平滑肌细胞、巨噬细胞的分布方面基本相同。但股动脉粥样硬化的范围较小、狭窄程度较轻,其斑块中的平滑肌细胞相对多,巨噬细胞相对少;bax在巨噬细胞的表达多,在平滑肌细胞的表达少。股动脉粥样硬化与颈动脉粥样硬化的病理学特点相似。结论股动脉粥样硬化与冠状动脉粥样硬化病理特点大体相同,但在某些量化指标上存在差异。

The pathology investigation of femoral artery atherosclerosis in the elder patients

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathology characteristic of femoral atherosclerosis through the comparision among femoral, carotid and coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS: 15 elder autopsy cases were selected. Serial sections of femoral artery, carotid artery and coronary artery of all the cases were taken. Part of the tissue sections were selected for immunohistochemistry staining. Three markers against alpha-smooth muscle actin, CD68, and bax were performed respectively. RESULTS: On the whole, both femoral and coronary atherosclerosis had a similar pathology characteristic in the lesion style and the distribution of smooth muscle cells and macrophages in the plaques. In comparing with the coronary atheroma, there were more smooth muscle cells and less macrophages in the femoral atherosclerotic plaques, expression of bax in macrophages stronger, and the expression of bax in smooth muscle cell was weaker. The pathology characteristic of femoral and carotid atherosclerosis was somewhat similar. CONCLUSIONS: The pathology characteristic of atherosclerotic lesion in femoral artery was principally consistent with that of the coronary atherosclerosis except some differences presented in certain indexes.