华支睾吸虫生活史在实验室的建立

目的 构建华支睾吸虫生活史的室内生态系统。 方法 解剖自然感染华支睾吸虫的家猫,收集华支睾吸虫虫卵,放入养殖缸内自然感染纹沼螺和长角涵螺,待尾蚴发育成熟,分离阳性螺,放入养殖缸内与各种鱼类同缸饲养,使阳性螺释放的尾蚴自然感染缸内的各种鱼类。螺类释放尾蚴后的第30天开始,定时检查鱼类的感染情况,分别采用鱼肉压片法和消化法检查各种鱼体内的感染率和感染度。分离、收集鱼肉中囊蚴感染家猫和SD大鼠。 结果 水温在24.3～37.2 ℃时,尾蚴发育成熟逸出螺体的时间需95 d。纹沼螺的感染率为12.5%（25/200）,长角涵螺为18%（9/50）。水温在20 ℃以下时,螺体内尾蚴停止逸出。鱼类感染尾蚴后形成囊蚴的时间为30 d,至囊蚴完全成熟需45 d。麦穗鱼、草鱼、鳑鮍鱼、鳙鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、鲤鱼和罗非鱼体内囊蚴的感染度不尽相同,每克鱼肉含囊蚴数分别为1 792、16、8、6、5、4、4和2个。将鱼体内分离的囊蚴分别感染大鼠和家猫均获得成虫。 结论 华支睾吸虫生活史室内生态系统构建成功。

Experimental Establishment of Life Cycle of Clonorchis sinensis

Objective To establish and maintain the life cycle of Clonorchis sinensis in laboratory. Methods Adult worms and eggs of Clonorchis sinensis were collected from naturally infected cats. Eggs were ingested by freshwater snails in aquarium. When the cercariae were released from infected snails, they invaded into freshwater fishes. From the 30th day on after the release of cercariae, the infection rate and metacercariae density in freshwater fishes were determined. Results After 95 days the infected snails began shedding cercariae in a temperature range of 24.3 -37.2 ℃, and no cercariae were found under 20 ℃. The infection rate in the snails Parafossarulus striatulus and Alocinma longicornis was 12.5% and 18.0%, respectively. Metacercariae were found in fish at 30 days after cercariae infection, and matured metacercariae were detected in 45 days. The number of metacercariae per gram of fish meat in Pseudorasbora parva, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Rhodeus sinensis, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Cirrhinus molitorella, Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio and Oreochromis niloticus was 1 792, 16, 8, 6, 5, 4, 4, and 2, respectively. Rats and cats were fed with metacercariae from fish to receive adult worms. Conclusion Life cycle of Clonorchis sinensis has been established and maintained in the laboratory.