Suboptimal doses of low molecular weight heparin and acute venous thromboembolism. Data from the RIETE registry |
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Authors: | Ma Jesús Bruscas José Antonio Nieto Monserrat Perez-Pinar Luciano López-Jiménez Carmen Fernández-Capitán Francisca López-Chuliá Ma Teresa Orue-Lecue for the RIETE Investigators |
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Institution: | (1) Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Virgen de la Luz, 16002 Cuenca, Spain;(2) Internal Medicine, Hospital Provincial Reina Sofía, Cordova, Spain;(3) Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain;(4) Hematology, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, Spain;(5) Hematology, Hospital de Navarra, Navarra, Spain |
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Abstract: | The objective was to assess the use of suboptimal doses (60–149 UI kg−1 day−1) of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) in actual clinical practice
and to evaluate the outcomes compared to standard doses (≥150 UI kg−1 day−1). Retrospective analysis of data from a multicenter registry of patients with VTE (RIETE; Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad
TromboEmbólica). Patient characteristics, antithrombotic treatments, and 3-month outcomes were analyzed. We studied 12,302
patients with VTE; 10,524 patients were treated initially only with LMWH; 1,547 patients received suboptimal LMWH (mean = 122 UI
kg−1 day−1), and 8,977 patients received full-dose LMWH (mean = 191 UI kg−1 day−1). The suboptimal group included significantly more patients with recent major bleeding, weight more than 100 kg, raised creatinine,
or deep vein thrombosis. No significant differences in mortality rate (7.7 vs 7.8%), VTE recurrence (2.7 vs 2.3%), or fatal
hemorrhage (0.6 vs 0.6%) occurred between the suboptimal and the standard group. Major bleeding episodes occurred more frequently
in the patients with pulmonary embolism treated with suboptimal LMWH (4.5 vs 2.4%; p = 0.02). In the multivariate analysis, after adjusting for bleeding risk factors, major hemorrhage was not associated with
the heparin dose. Suboptimal doses of LMWH are used in actual clinical practice in a reduced group of patients at an outcome
rate not very different to that of standard doses. Bleeding episodes depend more on the patient’s characteristics than on
the LMWH dose. Randomized trials should be performed to corroborate these results.
A full list of the RIETE investigators is given in the Appendix. |
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Keywords: | Venous thromboembolism Low molecular weight heparin Suboptimal dose Hemorrhage Outcome |
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