泸州医学院大学生艾滋病相关知识知晓情况及影响因素调查

目的了解泸州医学院大学生艾滋病相关知识知晓情况及影响因素,为有效开展大学生艾滋病健康教育提供科学依据。方法 2012年4月采用分层整群抽样的方法,在泸州医学院抽取不同专业、不同年级的1 787名在校大学生进行问卷调查,发放调查问卷1 787份,有效1 705份。调查内容包括:调查对象的一般情况、大学期间性健康教育情况、艾滋病相关知识知晓情况、获得艾滋病相关知识的途径等。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 62.4%的大学生回答大学期间开设了性健康教育课程,仅33.5%认为效果很好。大学生对艾滋病的"血液或血液制品"、"性"以及"母婴"三个传播途径知晓率比较高,分别为97.7%、97.4%和96.0%;对"目前有无检测艾滋病的可靠方法"、"献血/输血者"是否为易感人群和"蚊虫叮咬"会不会传播艾滋病病毒这3个问题的知晓率较低,依次为65.7%、57.0%和51.3%。艾滋病相关知识得分≥16分:农村占62.8%,城镇占69.7%,比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.29,P<0.05);大一占44.3%,大二占60.1%、大三占73.0%,大四占86.4%,大五占79.5%,比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=153.63,P<0.05);父亲文化程度小学及以下占63.5%,初中占63.6%,高中(中专)占66.2%,大专及以上占73.3%,比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.17,P<0.05);母亲文化程度小学及以下占62.8%,初中占63.5%,高中(中专)占73.0%,大专及以上占72.3%,比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.54,P<0.05)。0.9%获得艾滋病相关知识的途径数为0种,3.5%获得艾滋病相关知识的途径为9种,70.2%来源于医学书籍。结论大学生艾滋病防治知识有待提高,性健康教育课程的内容和形式有待改进,应加强大学生艾滋病防治知识的宣传教育,预防艾滋病校内传播,为今后正确开展艾滋病防治工作打下坚实的基础。

Survey on the awareness of AIDS-related knowledge among college students in Luzhou medical college and its influencing factors

Objective To understand the awareness of AIDS among college students in Luzhou medical college and its influencing factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for the effective implementation of health education on AIDS. Methods In April 2012,stratified cluster sampling method was used in a questionnaire survey conducted among students of different majors and grades from Luzhou Medical College,which included the general condition of college students,health education on sex during their college life,their knowledge about AIDS and the ways for obtaining AIDS-related knowledge. χ^2 test was used for count data. P〈0.05 indicated that the difference was statistically significant.Results 62.4% of the students said that they had sex-education course in college,only 33.5% thought it effective.The awareness rate was higher among college students about the three major t ransmission routes of AIDS including blood or blood products,sex and mother-to-child（97.7%,97.4% and 96.0%）.For the three questions that ＂Is there a reliable method for detecting AIDS＂,＂If blood donors are susceptible populations＂,and ＂Will mosquito bites spread HIV＂,the awareness rate was lower among college students,which was 65.7% ,57.0% and 51.3% respectively. AIDS-related knowledge score was 1〉 16 points,in which students from rural areas accounted for 62.8%,those from urban areas69.7% and the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=8.29,P〈0.05）; there were 44.3% of freshmen,60.1% of sophomores,73.0% of juniors, 86.4% of seniors and 79.5% of seniors in the fifth year and the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=174.39,P〈0.05）;63.5% of the students whose fathers had an education level of primary school,63.6% junior high school,66.2% senior high school （technical secondary school）,73.3% junior college,and the difference was statistically significant（ χ^2=5.17,P〈0.05）;62.8% of the students whose mothers had an education level of primary school,63.5% junior high school,73.0% senior high school （technical secondary school）,72.3% junior college,and the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=11.54,P〈0.05）.0.9% did not have access to H/V-related knowledge, however,3.5% had nine different ways to obtain HIV-related knowledge,and 70.2% were from medical books.Conclusion The knowledge of AIDS prevention and control needs to be improved among college students,as well as the contents and forms of sex-education course and the promotion of health education on AIDS,so as to prevent campus spread of AIDS and to lay a solid foundation for the future.