首次血液透析患者健康教育模式需求调查分析

目的了解首次血液透析患者所需要的健康教育模式，以便改进、优化健康教育模式，提高教育效果。方法对125例首次血液透析患者健康教育模式需求进行问卷调查，内容包括患者认为最佳的健康教育时机和方法。结果93．6％的患者认为最佳教育时机在透析当天；97．6％要求在内瘘术前；100．0％患者要求在内瘘术后进行宣教。希望医护人员进行讲解的占96．8％；阅读派发宣教资料的占80．0％；希望通过影像宣教的占67．2％：由病友现身说法与言传身教的占59．2％；要求分次讲解的占89．6％；要求重复宣教内容的占97．6％；要求评价学习效果的占88．8％；要求一对一讲解的占87．2％，采取小组形式宣教的占30．4％。结论优化首次血液透析患者健康教育模式，能使患者配合治疗，从而提高患者治疗依从性及生存质量。

Survey of needs of first-time hemodialysis patients for health education

Objective To investigate the needs of first-time hemodialysis patients for health education so as to improve health education pattern and enhance the education effect. Method 125 patients undertaking hemodialysis for the first time were involved in this investigation by a questionnaire on the best time for and methods of health education. Results 93.6% of the patients thought that the best time for health education was on the due day for hemodialysis, 97.6% insisted on before the operation of arteriovenous fistula, and 100% did on after the operation. As for education methods, 96.8% of them agreed on medical staff＇s presentation, 80.0% on education handouts, 67.2% on media education and 59.2% on other patient＇s presentation. 89.6% of them asked for instructions part by part, and 97.6% required for repeated education. 88.8% required assessing the learning effect. 87.2% and 30.4% required one-to-one education and group education, respectively. Conclusion Improved health education pattern for first-time hemodialysis patients can make them cooperative in the treatment and thus enhance their life quality.