HIV感染者/AIDS患者心理状态调查

目的 了解HIV感染者／AIDS患者的心理状态。方法 采用90项症状清单（SCL--90）、汉密顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）对162例HIV感染者／AIDS患者进行调查。采用SPSS11．0软件统分析资料。结果 HIV感染者／AIDS患者SCL-90各因子分与全国常模相比，除人际关系和偏执外，躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性和恐怖等因子分显著高于常模，而敌对性等因子分明显低于常模，阳性总分显著高于常模（P〈0．05）；HIV感染者与AIDS患者各因子分均无显著差异。HAMA评定97．53％的HIV感染者／AIDS患者存在焦虑症状，HAMD评定98．77％的HIV感染者／AIDS患者存在抑郁症状。结论 焦虑、抑郁是HIV感染者／AIDS患者普遍存在的负性心理表现．在艾滋病的防治过程中，不仅要医治患者躯体上的痛苦，而且还要针对不同个体的特点开展心理干预，对其负性情绪予以积极疏导，提高生活质量。

Investigative of Psychological Status of Patients with HIV/AIDS

Objective To investigate the psychological status of HIV/AIDS. Methods 162 HIV/AIDS patients were investigated with SCL-90, HAMA ,HAMD. Data were analyzed by SPSS11.0 software. Results The factor scores of HIV/AIDS were compared with the normal mode of China, the factor scores of somatic, depression, anxiety, psychic and horror were higher than that of normal mode,except relationship and crankiness. While the score of hostility was lower than that of normal mode and the total scores of positive factors were much higher than that of normal mode. There were significant differences between these factor scores.(P<0.05); there were no difference between each HIV and AIDS. In HAMA, 97.53% patients were found with curious symptom and in HAMD the depression rate was 98.77%.Conclusion Anxiety and depression were very common negative psychological exhibition in HIV/AIDS. In the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS,not only somatic pain,but also psychological disorder should be treated in order to release the negative feeling and improve the quality of life.