介入、核医学放射工作人员外照射个人剂量水平调查与分析

目的 掌握介入、核医学放射工作人员外照射剂量水平，评价放射工作人员的防护效果，为放射卫生防护与监督管理工作提供科学依据。方法 按照GBZ 207-2008《外照射个人剂量系统性能检验规范》、GBZ 128-2002《职业性外照射个人监测规范》的要求，对铅衣内、外热释光个人剂量计（TLD）的受照剂量进行监测。结果 2015年累计监测放射工作者324名，其中介入人员287人，核医学人员37人。不同级别医院（三甲、三级（未定等）、二甲）工作人员铅衣内人均年剂量当量中位值分别为0.9 mSv、1.14 mSv和0.86 mSv；铅衣外分别为1.96 mSv、5.86 mSv和1.37 mSv。各级医院之间差别有统计学意义，并且各级医院工作人员铅衣内、外差别也均有统计学意义。结论 本次调查的324名介入、核医学放射工作人员的个人年剂量水平，均在国家标准限值内；但铅衣内外、不同级别医院以及不同工种之间个人剂量受照水平存在较大差异，应采取有效防护措施降低放射工作人员的受照剂量，在放射防护实践中应加强重点工种人员的个人剂量监测与防护。

Investigation and analysis of individual dose levels of external radiation in interventional and nuclear medicine radiation workers

Objective To grasp the level of external radiation exposure to interventional and nuclear medicine staff, and to evaluate the protective effect of the radiation workers in order to provide a scientific basis for radiological protection and management.Methods Thermoluminescence dose meter was applied to monitor the occupational exposure to individuals according to GBZ 128-2002 "Specifications of Individual Monitoring for Occupational External Exposure" and GBZ 207-2008 "System Performance Testing Specification for Individual External Dose".Results The external exposure of 324 radiation workers including 287 in interventional radiology and 37 in nuclear medicine were monitored in 2015. The medians of their annual doses monitored under aprons were 0.9、1.14 and 0.86 mSv, and the ones monitored over aprons were 1.96、5.86 and 1.37 mSv in Grade ⅢA, Grade Ⅲ and Grade ⅡA hospitals, respectively. Significant differences (P<0.05) were found among the different grades and classes of hospitals.Conclusion The annual effective dose of 324 radiation workers was all under the standard limit value (20 mSv/a). Significant differences of individual exposure observed in different grades of hospital and types of work suggests that effective protection measures should be taken to reduce the radiation exposure, and the individual monitoring should be strengthened.