血吸虫病肝纤维化及其致病机制研究进展

血吸虫病是一种广泛流行于热带及亚热带地区可引起人畜共患的寄生虫病,其危害仅次于疟疾。中国是日本血吸虫病的主要流行国家之一。血吸虫病肝纤维化的病理基础是宿主对虫卵可溶性抗原（SEA）的持续刺激引起的免疫应答反应,导致以虫卵肉芽肿、组织损伤等为主要特征的慢性炎症发生,最终引起肝纤维化,严重可导致死亡。本文从细胞水平（Th2细胞、肝星状细胞、肝巨噬细胞、其他免疫细胞）、细胞因子及关键信号通路（IL-13/STAT6IL-13、TGF-β1/smads、IL-17、IFN-γ、其他通路）、microRNA的调控作用等方面对血吸虫病肝纤维化及其致病机制进行了综述。

Advances in liver fibrosis and pathogenesis of schistosomiasis

Schistosomiasis is a tropical or subtropical parasitic and zoonotic disease, caused by blood-dwelling worms of the genus Schistosoma, the second only to malaria in its socioeconomic devastation. China is one of the main epidemic countries of Japanese schistosomiasis. Immune response induced by persistently stimulus of egg soluble antigen (SEA), resulted in chronic inflammation characterized by egg granuloma and tissue damage, is the main pathology of schistosomiasis hepatic fibrosis, which eventually leads to liver fibrosis, sometimes to death. In this paper, we reviewed the hepatic fibrosis and its pathogenesis of schistosomiasis from the cell levels (Th2 cells, hepatic stellate cells, hepatic macrophages, other immune cells), cytokines and key signaling pathways (IL-13/STAT6IL-13, TGF-β1/smads, IL-17, IFN-γ, other pathways), and regulation of microRNA.