某轨道交通地下车站集中空调通风系统卫生学调查

目的 了解某轨道交通地下车站集中空调通风系统的卫生状况和污染特征,为改善轨道交通地下车站空气质量提供技术支持,为公共场所卫生监督管理提供依据。方法 在不同月份,对某轨道交通5个地下车站集中空调通风系统进行以卫生指标检测为主的卫生质量调查,分析影响该集中空调通风系统卫生质量的主要因素。结果 2017年某轨道交通地下车站集中空调通风系统送风中细菌总数合格率为97.50%（78/80）,真菌总数合格率为98.75%（79/80）,β-溶血性链球菌未检出;风管内表面积尘量合格率为98.75%（79/80）,细菌总数合格率为90.00%（72/80）,真菌总数合格率为90.00%（72/80）;冷凝水中嗜肺军团菌未检出,冷却水中嗜肺军团菌在6月和8月各有一个车站检出。结论 该某轨道交通地下车站集中空调通风系统卫生质量整体良好,但仍存在一定卫生问题,应加强清洗消毒和卫生管理。

Hygiene investigation of centralized air conditioning ventilation systems at subway stations

Objective To investigate the sanitary quality of the centralized air conditioning ventilation systems at subway stations, in order to provide scientific technology for air quality improvement and sanitary evidence for supervision and management in subway. Methods The centralized air conditioning ventilation systems at 5 subway stations were sampled and tested in different months in 2017. The characteristics of different tested items were studied and the main factors affecting the sanitary conditions in the subway were analyzed. Results In the centralized air conditioning ventilation systems, the qualified rates of total bacteria count and total fungi count were 97.50%（78/80） and 98.75%（79/80） respectively, but β-Streptoccus haemolyticus was not detected. In the surface area of the wind tube, the qualified rates of dust, total bacteria count and total fungi count were 98.75%（79/80）, 90.00%（72/80） and 90.00%（72/80） respectively. The Legionella pneumophila was not detected in the condensate, but was detected in the cooling water. Conclusions The sanitary quality of the centralized air conditioning ventilation systems at the subway stations is good. However, there is still a certain degree of pollution. So, regular cleaning is needed and health management should be stressed.