中部地区城市社区居民焦虑流行特点及心理护理服务利用态度调查

目的:了解城市社区居民焦虑发生率及流行特征情况,以及心理护理服务利用态度.方法:采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)对湖北、湖南2省4市6区1822名居民进行入户调查.结果:城市居民焦虑检出率为9.11％.单变量分析显示,焦虑不存在性别、不同医疗保障之间的差异；不同年龄组、文化程度、家庭月总收入、就业状况者,其焦虑检出率存在差异.Logistic回归分析显示,焦虑的预测变量有:年龄24岁以下、25岁-、35岁-者焦虑发生率低于55岁以上者；家庭月总收入低于1500元的居民焦虑检出率高于1500元-和2500元-者.焦虑居民自评对心理护理服务需要高于没有焦虑症状居民(39.57％,21.46％),但是面对问题时,心理护理服务利用意向低于没有焦虑症状居民(x2=14.603,P＜0.001).结论:中部地区城市社区居民焦虑程度中等,年龄较长、家庭收入较低是情绪问题重要风险因素,不同城市居民焦虑程度有所区别.有情绪问题的居民心理卫生主观需要较高,但是实际利用意向较低.

Investigation on the Popular Characteristics of Anxiety among Urban Residents and Their Attitudes to Utilization on Mental Nursing Service in Central China

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of anxiety,to identify its influencing factors,and to examine the residents’ attitudes to the mental nursing service.Methods: 1822 urban residents at 6 communities in 4 cities in 2 provinces in Central China are investigated using Zung self-rating anxiety scale(SAS).Results: Prevalence rate of anxiety in urban residents was 9.1%.Univariate analysis showed no significant gender differences were found and health insurances background was not related to anxiety.Age,educational background,family income per month,and employment status were associated with anxiety.Logistic regression analysis indicated that the variables to significantly predict anxiety were age(24 years below,25 years-,and 35 years-,higher than 55 years above) and family income(1500 RMB below higher than 1500 RMB-and 2500 RMB),and cities.39.57% of residents with anxiety did not think they need mental health service compared with 221.46% of common residents.However,when facing with mental problem,the utilization intention of the former was lower than that of the latter(χ2=14.603,P<0.001).Conclusion: The urban residents experience moderate level of anxiety,residents who are old and with poor family income have a significant higher risk of emotional problems.People with emotional problems were less likely to seek for mental health service although they showed more need.