某医院患者呼吸道感染的菌种分布及其耐药情况

目的了解某医院呼吸科患者呼吸道感染的菌群分布特点及耐药情况,指导临床合理用药。方法采用VITEK-2鉴定细菌,按照NCCLS标准采用纸片扩散(Kirby-Bauer)法对临床分离菌株进行药敏试验。结果共分离革兰阴性菌527株,占全部分离菌的58.8%。以铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和大肠埃希菌多见。药敏试验结果表明,肠道杆菌主要对碳青霉烯类敏感,肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌等对头孢菌素类、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类抗菌药物耐药率高,铜绿假单胞菌、肠杆菌等呈现多重耐药。结论呼吸道感染病原体中以革兰阴性菌为主,革兰阴性菌的耐药问题严重且出现多重耐药,定期进行病原菌耐药性监测,对指导临床合理应用抗菌药物具有重要意义。

Species distribution and drug resistance of respiratory tract infection in a hospital

Objective]To know the distribution features and drug resistance of infectious pathogenic bacteria in respiratory department in a hospital,provide the evidences for guiding clinical medication.Methods]The identification of strains was conducted by VITEK-2 system,and the drug sensitivity test of clinical isolates was performed by Kirby-Bauer method according to NCCLS standards.Results]There were 527(58.8%) strains of gram-negative bacteria,which mainly included Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumonia,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Escherichia Coli.The drug susceptibility results showed: Enteric Bacilli was sensitive to carbapenems,the resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia Coli to cephalosporin,aminoglycoside and quinolones antibiotic were high,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enteric Bacilli showed multidrug resistance.Conclusion]The main bacterial of respiratory tract infection are gram negative bacteria,which have serious drug resistance and multidrug resistance.The regular surveillance of bacterial resistance has important significance in guiding clinical rational drug use.