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Achieving brain clearance and preventing neurodegenerative diseases—A glymphatic perspective
Authors:Tekla Maria Kylkilahti,Eline Berends,Marta Ramos,Nagesh C Shanbhag,Johannes Tö  ger,Karin Markenroth Bloch,Iben Lundgaard
Affiliation:1.Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;2.Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;3.Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skane University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden;4.Lund University Bioimaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Abstract:Age-related neurodegenerative diseases are a growing burden to society, and many are sporadic, meaning that the environment, diet and lifestyle play significant roles. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-mediated clearing of brain waste products via perivascular pathways, named the glymphatic system, is receiving increasing interest, as it offers unexplored perspectives on understanding neurodegenerative diseases. The glymphatic system is involved in clearance of metabolic by-products such as amyloid-β from the brain, and its function is believed to lower the risk of developing some of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we present magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data on the heart cycle’s control of CSF flow in humans which corroborates findings from animal studies. We also review the importance of sleep, diet, vascular health for glymphatic clearance and find that these factors are also known players in brain longevity.
Keywords:Glymphatic system   cerebrospinal fluid   7T MRI   brain clearance   neurodegeneration
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