外来已婚育龄妇女对身体暴力的应对情况分析

目的:了解外来已婚育龄妇女对身体暴力的应对情况和需求。方法:2010年4~5月在上海市某中心城区采用以社区为基础的多阶段整群抽样方法对符合条件的流动人口已婚育龄妇女961人进行问卷调查,对遭受丈夫身体暴力的103名妇女进行分析。结果:遭受过轻度身体暴力和重度身体暴力的比例分别为66.6%和33.4%。41.9%的受暴对象在遭受身体暴力时没有对丈夫进行过任何反击,59.1%的受暴对象没有将自己遭受暴力的情况告诉过任何人,受暴妇女主动告知及希望获得帮助的对象主要是家人/亲戚/朋友,仅少数对象主动报警和(或)诉诸妇联/居委会等相关机构希望获得帮助。认为"家丑不可外扬"是她们不向外界寻求帮助的最主要原因。结论:遭受丈夫身体暴力的妇女进行反击和向外界寻求帮助的比例较低,应加强对外来已婚育龄妇女反对和制止家庭暴力的宣传,改变她们对家庭暴力的认识,提高她们的维权意识及自我保护能力。

Coping behaviors of the victim of husband physical violence among married migrant women of reproductive age

Objective： To understand the coping behavior of the victim of husband physical violence among married mi- grant women of reproductive age. Methods： A total of 103 victims of husband physical violence were interviewed a- mong 961 eligible women who were selected through community -based multiple--stage sampling method in one urban district in Shanghai between April and May 2010. Results= Among victims of husband physical violence, 66.6% of them had ever experienced the moderate violence and 33.4% had ever experienced the severe one. In total, 41.9% of the victim had never fought back physically against their husband and 59.1% had not told anybody about their violence. People who they had ever talked to and would like to get help from were mostly their family and friends. Only a few of them had ever told or would like to get help from formal services such as police/staff of Women＇s Union or the Neigh- borhood Committee. Traditional attitude that ＂Don＇t wash your dirty linen in public＂ was the main reason they did not seek professional help. Conclusion： The proportion of women who had ever sought help after physical violence was low. Education on domestic violence among married migrant women of reproductive age is urgently needed to change their attitudes to domestic violence and build their coping skills to reduce the domestic violence.