组织工程化软骨分泌的可溶性因子对骨髓基质干细胞诱导作用的实验研究

目的 探讨组织工程化软骨分泌的可溶性因子是否能够单独诱导骨髓基质干细胞(bone marrow stromai cells,BMSCs)软骨分化.方法 体外培养扩增猪BMSCs、猪关节软骨细胞以及皮肤成纤维细胞,以5.0×107/ml的细胞终浓度分别接种于聚羟基乙酸/聚乳酸(PGA/PLA)支架,应用隔离池进行隔离共培养.以软骨细胞-材料复合物与BMSCs-材料复合物隔离共培养为实验组,以皮肤成纤维细胞-材料复合物与BMSCs-材料复合物隔离共培养为对照组1,以单纯BMSCs-材料复合物为对照组2.各组标本均于体外培养8周后取材,通过大体观察,组织学,以及免疫组织化学,RT-PCR等方法对新生组织进行评价.结果 隔离共培养8周后,实验组软骨细胞材料-复合物诱导的BMSCs-材料复合物形成的组织略有缩小,外观类似软骨组织,组织学检测见软骨陷窝样结构,SafraninO染色可见软骨特异性基质分泌,免疫组化显示有大量Ⅱ型胶原沉积,RT-PCR检测组织表达Ⅱ型胶原、Ⅸ型胶原、COMP、Sox9等软骨特异性基因,提示形成了较成熟软骨样组织;而对照组成纤维细胞材料复合物诱导的BMSCs-材料复合物和未经任何诱导的BMSCs-材料复合物形成的组织淡黄色,明显缩小、变薄、质地较软,组织学检测均未形成软骨陷窝样结构,主要为纤维性成分,各种软骨特异性相关检测均为阴性.结论 软骨细胞分泌的可溶性因子能够单独诱导BMSCs软骨分化,可能是软骨细胞形成的微环境中发挥诱导作用的主要因素.

The study on the role of the soluble factors secreted by engineered cartilage in inducing bone marrow stromal cells chondrogenesis

Objective To study the role of the soluble factors secreted by tissue engineered cartilage in promoting bone marrow stromal cells ( BMSCs) chondrogenesis as an important aspect. Methods Porcine BMSCs, chondrocytes and dermal fibroblasts were respectively in vitro expanded and then seeded onto the polyglycolic acid/ polylactic acid (PGA/PLA) scaffold. After 3 days, they were indirectly co-cultured by transwell. BMSCs-scaffold constructs were co-cultured with chondrocytes-scaffold constructs as experiment group ( Exp) , while co-cultured with fibroblasts-scaffold constructs as control group. BMSCs with the same cell number were seeded onto the scaffolds as another control group. There were 3 specimens in each group. All specimens were harvested after in vitro indirect co-culture for 8 weeks. Cross observation, histology, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were used to evaluate the results. Results The BMSCs-scaffold constructs co-cultured with chondrocytes-scaffold shrunk gradually during in vitro culture, but formed the mature lacuna structures and metachromatic matrices, collagen II expression could be observed by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR examination. In the control group, the constructs shrunk greatly during in vitro culture and showed mainly fibrous tissue. Conclusions The soluble factors secreted by chondrocytes can solely induce chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs and thus promote the in vitro chondrogenesis of BMSCs.