桡动脉皮支逆行皮瓣的应用解剖研究

目的为前臂桡动脉皮支逆行筋膜皮瓣修复手部创面提供解剖学基础。方法采用12例成人上肢标本,分别从桡骨茎突上50mm处桡动脉和肱动脉插管灌注墨汁和红色乳胶,解剖观测桡动脉下段发出的皮动脉分支数目、管径、高度、分布范围及与其它皮动脉的交通与吻合。结果桡动脉下段（桡骨茎突尖上50mm范围内）桡侧发出有2～3条,尺侧发出有0～2条皮动脉。这些皮动脉与腕部动脉网的皮支间有广泛的交通与吻合。结论桡动脉下段的皮动脉及腕部动脉网的皮支多,而且非常恒定,通过前臂逆行筋膜皮瓣蒂部组织能为筋膜皮瓣提供充足的血供。可在前臂设计桡动脉皮支筋膜蒂逆行筋膜皮瓣修复手背或手掌的大面积软组织缺损。

RESEARCH ON THE APPLIED ANATOMY OF FOREARM CUTANEOUS BRANCH OF RADIAL ARTERY FOREARM REVERSE FASCIOCUTANE OUS FLAP

Objective To provide anatomical basis for repairing soft tissue defects of the hand with the reverse forearm fasciocutaneous flap on the terminal radial artery.Methods In 12 upper limb specimens of adult human cadavers,the number,size,position,distribution and anatomies of cutaneous branches of the distal radial artery are recorded by means of black ink and red latex injections through humors artery and distal radial artery.Results Distal radial artery gives off 2～3 cutaneous branches from radial side and 0～2 cutaneous branches from ulnar side respectively.These branches were anatomies extensively with cutaneous branches of the network of arteries over wrist.Conclusion Cutaneous branches of the distal radial artery and the network of arteries over wrist can provides liable blood supply for the reverse forearm fascicutaneous flap through pedicle of the fasciocutaneous flap.Therefore,the larger reverse forearm fasciocutaneous flap can be performed for the purpose of repairing vast soft tissue defects over the back and palmer of hand.